Volksgemeinshaft- Outsiders

Question 1

Why had Jews been discriminated for centuries?

Answer 1

Mainly due to their religion’s link to the killing of Christ. In 20th century Germany this hostility was further fuelled by a resentment of Jew’s power and wealth- made worse by hyperinflation

Question 2

Why were handicapped people discriminated against?

Answer 2

Economic problems of weimar meant money spent on the disabled was now seen as a threat to the well-being of the majority

Question 3

What was in NSDAP manifesto?

Answer 3

None but those of German blood, whatever their creed, may be members of the nation. No Jew, therefore, may be a member of the nation

Question 4

What is my LOA?

Answer 4

Was successful against Jews/ handicapped, not as much for gypsies

Question 5

What did exclusion lead to?

Answer 5

Extermination, the holocaust where 6 million Jews were killed

Question 6

What is the debate for this topic?

Answer 6

Evans suggests that not all groups were excluded, Rosemann believes that the Nazis had remarkable efficiency in eliminating racially undesirable elements

Question 7

What occurred on April 1st 1933?

Answer 7

A nationwide Jewish boycott, organised to placate the SA members who had been increasingly violent towards Jews
Many Jewish war veterans opened their shops and wore their medals

Question 8

What did Horace Rumbold believe?

Answer 8

The boycott was not popular with the general public

However being an ambassador he would have little contact with the general public

Question 9

What happened in the purge of the civil service?

Answer 9

Law for the Re-establishment of a professional civil service’
70% of Jewish lawyers allowed to keep their jobs due to being war veterans

Question 10

What were the Nuremberg laws?

Answer 10

1935
Banned Jews from being citizens of the state
Banned marriage or out of marriage relations between Jews and aryans
420 prosecuted a year for marrying Jews.

Question 11

What did Grunberger believe?

Answer 11

A steeply growing number of Germans who had mixed socially with Jews before 1933 subsequently ostracised them

Question 12

Why did persecution of Jews reach a high in 1938?

Answer 12

Jews were forced to add Sarah or Israel onto their name to be recognised
Kristallnacht

Question 13

What happened in Kristallnacht?

Answer 13

There was a wave of violence towards Jews from civilians and SA
7500 businesses broken into, 100 Jews killed
Jews were rounded up, humiliated and sent to concentration camps

Question 14

What does Kristallnacht show?

Answer 14

Ordinary citizens took part in the violence in some areas, shows by end of 1938 isolation policies had worked as people were actively taking part in them

Question 15

What action was taken against the Gypsies at first?

Answer 15

Only individual authorities taking action- Bavarian authorities rounded up gypsies and put them into workhouses.
There was gypsie camps set up around Berlin, with little sanitation and a guard controlling movement
States such as Hamburg and Munich had no policy, but large gypsy population

Question 16

What did Noakes believe?

Answer 16

Policy towards gypsies was uncertain and confused

Question 17

What did Evans believe about the gypsies?

Answer 17

The majority of them were living in German community

Question 18

When were gypsies rounded up?

Answer 18

Included in operation workshy, a roundup of 10,000 asocial individuals, who were then sent to concentration camps

Question 19

Why were gypsies not as successfully excluded as Jews?

Answer 19

They were an after thought to Jews- citizenship taken away in the Nuremberg laws for Jews, but gypsies still had the title of Reichburger until 1943

Question 20

What did Robert Ritter, a Nazi scientist say?

Answer 20

Gypsies could not undermine people, unlike Jewish intellectuals

Question 21

What was the Sterilisation law?

Answer 21

Passed July 1933
Meant that those with certain hereditary diseases, such as depression, schizophrenia, blindness and deafness could be sterilised against their will

Question 22

How could people appeal?

Answer 22

The supreme Eugenics court

However in one session in Brandenburg there was 118 appeal cases with none being accepted

Question 23

How many people were sterilised?

Answer 23

320,000-350,000

Question 24

What does J Caplan believe?

Answer 24

Radical assaults on community aliens increasingly became legitimate
(due to propaganda campaigns)

Question 25

What propaganda campaigns were there against there handicapped?

Answer 25

Erbank, meant to create hate towards handicapped
People, including schoolchildren were allowed to take tours of asylums- Eglifing-Haar asylum had 21,000 people visiting it by 1939

Question 26

Why were the handicapped more successfully isolated than gypsies?

Answer 26

There was so nationwide campaign against the gypsies, whilst there was for the handicapped

Question 27

What did M Kaplan believe?

Answer 27

the Nazi Government largely succeeded in its endeavour to isolate Jews complexly by the mid-1930s