VTE, bleeding and other things Flashcards Preview

2 Cardiovascular > VTE, bleeding and other things > Flashcards

Flashcards in VTE, bleeding and other things Deck (21)
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1
Q

what drug can be used for subarachnoid haemorrages

A

nimodipine (CCB)

2
Q

when is UFH used over LMWH

A

renal impairment

3
Q

NOACs are only licensed following surgery for what type of surgery

A

knee and hip replacement

4
Q

how long after surgery do we continue VTE prophylaxis

A

5-7 days or until mobile

extend to 28 days following major cancer of abdo or pelvis (and some other surgeries depending on local protocol)

5
Q

post VTW how long to you continue herparin for when starting warfarin

A

at least 5 days or until the INR has been 2 or over for over 24 hours

6
Q

laboratory monitoring for UFH is essential, but what are we measuring?

A

APTT

7
Q

What anticoagulant is best in pregnancy and why

A

heparin - because it does not cross the placenta

8
Q

in pregnancy when is LMWH chosed over UFH (2)_

A

lower incidence of HIT and osteoporosis of the jaw

9
Q

why should you be cautious with dosing heparin in pregnancy?

A

eliminated more rapidly so different dosing requirements

10
Q

what can be used to reverse heparin?

A

protamine (but this only partially reverses the effects of LMWH)

11
Q

what is given for acute management of ischaemic stroke (to dissolve clot)?
within what time frame?

A

alteplase

4.5h

12
Q

When is aspirin initiated post stroke?

A

24 hours after thrombolysis (or ASAP if thrombolysis is not given)

13
Q

If a patient present with AF following a stroke do you treat with antiplalets or anticoagulants

A

antiplatelets (aspirin) as with any ischemic stroke

ditto if someone is anticoagulated for a heart valve - stop their anticoagulant temporarily and use antiplatlets

…ANTI-PLATELETS FOR EVERYONE

14
Q

when should you treat hypertension post stroke

A

not straight away as this can reduce cerebral perfusion

15
Q

how long is asprin given post stroke - and then what

A

asprin 300mg 2 weeks

then clopidogrel 75mg

16
Q

In summary what long term treatments would you expect someone to be on post stroke

A

clopidogrel 75mg
BP control
statin

17
Q

What BP do you aim for post stroke

A

130/80

18
Q

what would you not use to control BP post stroke unless indicated for co-existing condition

A

beta blockers

no idea why it’s just what the BNF says

19
Q

what might be given long term following cerebral haemorrage

A

BP control

- you should generally avoid statins tho (who knows why?)

20
Q

lifestyle advice for Raynauds

A

stop smoking

avoid cold

21
Q

naftidrofuryl, cilostazol and inositol are treatments for

A

intermitent claudication (also lifestyle factors to reduce CV risk may improve)