Week 1

Question 1

what is the resting membrane potential? (number)

Answer 1

-70

Question 2

depolirzartion is ____ entering the ____

Answer 2

sodium entering cell

Question 3

hyperpolorization is ____ (entering/leaving) the cell

Answer 3

potassium
leaving

Question 4

hyperpolorization has to do with slightly too much ______ leaving cell

Answer 4

potassium

Question 5

demyelination disease of the CNS=

Answer 5

MS

Question 6

demyelination disease of the PNS=

Answer 6

Guillian Barre Syndrome

Question 7

Integration ALWAYS is in what system

Answer 7

CNS

Question 8

what system connects body to CNS

Answer 8

PNS

Question 9

what nerves bring info to and from the spinal cord? how many are there?

Answer 9

spinal nerves
31

Question 10

Sensory/motor nerves for face
Info to and from brain

Answer 10

cranial nerves
12

Question 11

afferent nerves

Answer 11

arriving- towards brain

Question 12

efferent nerves

Answer 12

exiting from brain

Question 13

is sensory afferent or efferent

Answer 13

afferent- arriving

Question 14

what system CNS to skeletal muscle
Vouluntary/ under conscious control

Answer 14

Somatic Nervous System

Question 15

what nervous system does:
CNS to smooth muscle cardiac muscle, glands [visceral motor nerve fibers]
Involuntary
POTS

Answer 15

Autonomic nervous system

Question 16

Sympathetic
Parasympathetic are parts of what nervous system

Answer 16

ANS

Question 17

supporting cells for neurons 
responsible for creating and maintaining an appropriate environment in which neurons can operate efficiently 
6 types (4 in CNS and 2 in PNS)

Answer 17

Neuroglia (“glial cells”)

Question 18

4 types of neuroglila

Answer 18

1. astrocytes
2. microglial
3. ependymal cells
4. oligodendrocytes (jelly role)

Question 19

Most abundant
Cover synapses and connect neuron to capillary
Deliver nutrients to neuron
Determine capillary permeability
Form synapse formation between neurons
Blood brain barrier

Answer 19

astrocytes

Question 20

which neuroglia create the blood brain barrier

Answer 20

astrocytes

Question 21

which neuroglia:
Protective role in CNS
Macrophage capability (immune system roles)

Answer 21

microglial cells

Question 22

which neuroglia
Line central cavities of brain and spinal cord
Form CSF from blood

Answer 22

ependymal cells

Question 23

which neuroglia cells:
Form myelin sheath
proteolipid membrane that ensheaths the axons
Role in MS

Answer 23

oligodendrocytes (jelly role)

Question 24

Neuroglia of PNS

Answer 24

1, satellite cells
2. Schwann cells

Question 25

which Neuroglia of PNS: Form myelin sheath around PNS Vital to peripheral nerve regeneration Like oligodendrocytes (jelly role)

Answer 25

Schwann

Question 26

Structural unit of nervous system Conduct nerve impulse High metabolic rate

Answer 26

neurons

Question 27

When new neurons formed in brain Seen In embryo and children

Answer 27

Neurogenesis

Question 28

In adults new neurons formed in \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_-

Answer 28

hippocampus

Question 29

Plasticity=

Answer 29

brain function moved to different area of brain if an area of brain is damaged; adaptive

Question 30

Cluster of cell bodies (in CNS)

Answer 30

= nuclei

Question 31

Clusters of cell bodies (in PNS)

Answer 31

ganglia

Question 32

short, tapering, diffusely branched off of cell body main receptive [input] regions Convey messages toward cell body by graded potentials

Answer 32

dendrites

Question 33

Axons arise from the __________ on cell body

Answer 33

axon hillock

Question 34

what part of the cell sends the action potential?

Answer 34

axon

Question 35

In PNS ________ that form myelin sheath don’t touch and form \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_(where the signal jumps)

Answer 35

Schwann cells nodes of Ranvier

Question 36

white matter= myelinated or unmylenaited

Answer 36

myelinated (moving info)

Question 37

gray matter=

Answer 37

nerve cell bodies and unmyelinated fibers (info processing)

Question 38

what type of neuron are Between motor and sensory 20% of neurons in CNS

Answer 38

interneuron (association neurons)

Question 39

potential energy generated by separated charges

Answer 39

voltage

Question 40

flow of electron/charges

Answer 40

current

Question 41

insulators and conductors

Answer 41

resitance

Question 42

what part of the neuron is the insulator

Answer 42

myelin

Question 43

3 types of ion channels

Answer 43

1. chemical gatted 2. voltage gatted 3. mechanical gatted

Question 44

who maintains the gradient in the cells

Answer 44

sodium potassium pumps

Question 45

Reduction in membrane potential Inside becomes less negative than RMP Ie. -70 to -45mV

Answer 45

Depolarization

Question 46

Increase in membrane potential Inside becomes more negative than RMP ie. -70 to -90mV

Answer 46

Hyperpolarization

Question 47

Short lived local membrane changes _From dendrite to cell body_ Either depoloraition or hyper polarization Can initiate action potentials Beginning of graph before reaching threshold

Answer 47

graded potentials

Question 48

* happen in excitable membranes * Electrical signal that moves down the axon * Tried reversal of membrane potential from -70 to +30 * No decrease in strength with distance

Question 49

Saltatory propagation

Answer 49

action potential jumps at nodes of ranvier

Question 50

Conduction Velocity (Speed of AP conduction) determined by

Answer 50

1. Axon diameter; large diameter= faster 1. Amount of mylentation; more mylenation= faster

Question 51

which fiber groups are the pain fibers important with acupucnture

Answer 51

group c; not myelinated

Question 52

which fiber groups: * Large diameter, thick myelin * Skin, skeletal muscle, joints

Answer 52

group A

Question 53

which fiber groups:Serves autonomics * Touch and pressure receptors

Answer 53

group b