Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacology > Week 1 > Flashcards

Week 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Pharmacology

A

Study of medicine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the 3 names given to drugs

A
  • Generic
  • Trade
  • Chemical
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which class of controlled substances are considered highest risk of abuse potential

A

Class 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Allergic reaction

A

-Non life threatening

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Anaphylactic reaction

A

-Life threatening

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

5 Rights of medication administration

A
  • Right drug
  • Right dose
  • Right route
  • Right patient
  • Right time
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Time frames for drugs

A
  • STAT: within 5 min
  • ASAP: within 30 min
  • Routine: within 2 hrs
  • Standing order: usually a PRN order
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Drug-Administration Procedures

A
  • Drug orders must be reviewed by the attending physician within specific time frames, at least every 7 days (inpatient facility)
  • Drugs may need to be administered during or between meals, depending on interaction with food
  • Be aware of side effects of drugs that are best taken in the morning versus everning
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Routes of administration for medications

A
  • Enteral
  • Topical
  • Parenteral
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Enteral route (enter the stomach)

A
  • Lowest bioavailability
  • By mouth: tablets, capsules, sublingual, and buccal
  • Nasogastric tube or gastrostomy
  • Tablets and capsules most common form of drugs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Sustained-release tablets or capsules

A
  • Designed to dissolve very slowly

- Created to increase compliance by reducing frequency and dosage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Oral Drugs

A
  • Drug absorbed
  • Enters the hepatic circulation, goes to liver
  • Drug is metabolized to inactive form
  • Drug conjugates and leaves liver
  • Drug is distributed to general circulation
  • Many drugs rendered inactive by first-pass effect
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Sublingual and Buccal drug administration

A
  • Give all oral meds then these
  • Tablet is kept in mouth
  • Sublingual medication is placed under the tongue and allowed to dissolve slowly
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

NG & GT drug administration

A
  • NG tube is short-term tx
  • GT tube is long-term tx
  • Both methods generally use liquid drugs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Topical drugs

A

-Applied to the skin or mucous membranes
-Applied to the skin is the most common
Instillations and irrigations are applied into body cavities or orifices
-Inhalations are applied to the respiratory tract by inhalers, nebulizers, or positive pressure breathing
-Intended for local effect
-Fewer side effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Transdermal delivery system

A
  • Patches provide effective means of delivering some medications
  • Rate of delivery and dose may vary
  • Avoids first-pass effect of liver and enzymes
  • Full documentation by nurses applies
17
Q

Ophthalmic Administration

A

-Used to treat local conditions of the eye and surrounding structures

18
Q

Otic Administration

A
  • Used to treat local conditions of the ear, including infections and soft blockages of the auditory canal
  • Eardrops, irrigations
  • Usually used for cleaning purposes
19
Q

Nasal Administration

A
  • For both local and systemic administration
  • Ease of use, avoids first-pass effect and digestive enzymes
  • Mucosal irritation common; potential for damage
  • Often used for local astringent effect- shrinking swollen mucous membranes or loosen secretions and facilitate drainage
20
Q

Vaginal Administration

A
  • Treat local infections and to relieve vaginal pain and itching
  • Suppositories, creams, jellies, or foams
  • Nurse must explain the purpose of tx and provide for privacy and patient dignity
21
Q

Rectal Administration

A
  • Local or systemic administration
  • Usually suppository form, but sometimes administered as enema
  • First-pass effect and digestive enzymes avoided
22
Q

Parenteral drug administration

A
  • Administered via needle
  • Types: intradermal, subQ, IM, IV
  • Require aseptic technique
  • Must have knowledge of anatomical locations
  • Must know correct equipment to use
  • Must know procedure for disposing of hazardous equipment
23
Q

Parenteral locations

A
  • Intradermal: dermal layer of the skin
  • SubQ: deepest layers of the skin
  • IM: specific muscles
  • IV: directly into the bloodstream
  • Advanced parenteral delivery may be directly into body cavities or organs
24
Q

Injection degrees of administration

A

Intradermal: 10-15
SubQ: 45
IM: 90

25
Q

4 common IM injection sites

A
  • Ventrogluteal
  • Deltoid
  • Dorsogluteal
  • Vastus Lateralis

Pharmacology (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions