Week 1 Flashcards
What disorder is associated with language-processing/sound meaning issues?
phonological disorders
What are missing information sources for understasnding communication disabilities? psycholinguistic neuroimaging slp/brain damaged individuals neurochemistry genetics animal models
computational neuroscience
What does modularity have to do with psycholinguistic models of speech and language?
defining whether the patient deals with particular types of word (e.g., function or content, abstract or concrete words)
What type of model is connectionism, as associated with psycholinguistic models of speech and language?
computer models
Liberman established a theory in 1967 that looked at referencing articulatory gestures, as associated with psycholinguistic models of speech and language. What is it?
motor theory of language perception
Theory of mind, the idea of imitation, as well as understanding empathy is associated with what psycholinguistic model of speech and language?
mirror neurons
Ullman established in 2001 a model of memory as associated with what psycholinguistic model of speech and language?
declarative-procedural model of memory
Baddeley et al., and Cowan created models that looked at memory as a psycholinguistic model of speech and language. What were they?
working memory models
What are Theory of Mind, Central Coherence Theory, and Executive function Theory associated with?
Autism-spectrum
What is associated with Central Coherence Theory?
an inability to “see through the trees” since one is lost in details
What group of children tend to have more issues with Theory of Mind and why?
deaf children of hearing parents that are not fluent in sign language; they haven’t an ability to communicate or be communicated with fully
What theory is associated with problems with memory in the psycholinguistic models of speech and language?
Executive Function Theory
What type of imaging techniques are used for communication disorders?
electromagnetic techniques
haemodynamic techniques and
stimulation techniques
What are examples of temporal imaging techniques?
EEG/ERPs or MEG
(electromagnetic techniques)
x
What type of model is connectionism, as associated with psycholinguistic models of speech and language?
MEG
What are examples of Haemodynamic techniques?
fMRI
PET
DTI
SPECT
NIRS
What are spatial techniques?
Haemodynamic imaging techniques
What are stimulation techniques?
those that create and suppress in imaging
What are considerd passive imaging techniques?
both electromagnetic and haemodynamic techniques
What is the main stimulation imaging technique?
rTMS
What is the main role of neruoimaging?
validate and inform psycholinguistic models
What do we need to do even when neuroimaging validates and informs our psycholinguistic models?
we need to continue to seek to understand language itself, and how it works
What challenges our hypotheses and psycholinguistic theories?
neuroimaging
What does neuroimaging reveal that may not have been apparent before?
relationships
What does neuroimaging promote, and what does it help to do further?
promotes understanding of psycholinguistic models, and how to develop them further
What does neuroimaging have to do with assessment and intervention procedures?
it informs and validates assessment and intervention procedures
Neuroimaging encourages a win-win situation but…
one needs to keep aware of the limitations of all approaches to the study of communication disabilities
What is the main approach t hat I have coined the “hope this works” appraoch?
hypothesis testing approach
What is the hypothesis testing approach a.k.a.?
the cognitive neuropsychological approach
What does the hypothesis testing approach use to conclude which processing functions are intact, and which are not?
errors that the client makes
What must be collected for the hypothesis testing approach, and why is it done?
data must be collected under different conditions to fully understand the underlying deficit in the system
What must data be compared to in the hypothesis testing approach?
data must be compred to performance of neurotypical individuals
What is NT?
neurotypical individuals (“normal”
Why is the hypothesis testing approach helpful in interventions?
it lends itself well to ongoing evaluation of the effectiveness of intervention
What is the major starting point when analyzing speech in the hypothesis testing approach?
auditory analysis
What is the major starting point when assessing pictures, seen objects or print in the hypothesis testing approach?
visual feature analysis
“George” had difficulties with recalling specific words, but they didn’t have phonetic/phonemic errors. What kind of paraphasia does this describe?
semantic
If “George” had difficulties with recalling specific words but had phonetic/phonemic errors, what kind of paraphasia does this describe?
phonemic paraphasia
When assessing George’s semantic paraphasia, what method assesses circumlocutions, definitions, and semantic field errors?
picture naming
What type of paraphasia is associated with testing nearly 100% in receptive single word vocab?
semantic paraphasia