WEEK 1 Contractile Tissues Flashcards
(25 cards)
What is a strain or tear?
Muscle or tendon injury involving over contracting or lengthening a muscle causing tearing of collagen
What are the three grades of muscle or tendon injury?
- Grade I
- Grade II
- Grade III
What type of muscle contractions are associated with two joint muscles?
Eccentric contractions (deceleration phase)
What percentage of elite runners experience Achilles Tendinopathy in their lifetime?
7-9%
What are common clinical signs of Patella Tendinopathy?
- Anterior Knee Pain
- Decreased function (e.g., stairs, up/down hills, kneeling)
What management strategies are effective for Patella Tendinopathy?
- Education
- Load Management
- Exercise
- Taping (short term)
What are some risk factors for Patella Tendinopathy?
- Weight
- BMI
- Leg length difference
- Arch height of foot
- Quads flexibility/strength
- Hamstring flexibility
- Vertical jump performance
What is the most commonly proposed theory for the pathogenesis of Patella Tendinopathy?
Chronic overload
What are the clinical signs of Gluteal Tendinopathy?
- Lateral hip pain
- Tenderness around GT
- Pain on walking/standing on one leg
- Pain when getting up from sitting
- Pain when side lying
What is the most prevalent lower limb tendinopathy?
Gluteal Tendinopathy / GTPS
What are the common areas affected by tendinopathy?
- Lower Limb
- Glutes
- Patella
- Achilles
- Tibialis Posterior
- Hamstrings
- Peroneals
- Plantar Fasciopathy
- Upper Limb
- Rotator Cuff
- Long Head of Biceps
- Lateral Epicondylalgia
- Medial Epicondylalgia
- De Quervains
What is a common symptom of Plantar Fasciopathy?
Pain at the proximal insertion of the plantar fascia, particularly with big toe extension and ankle dorsiflexion
What is the peak incidence age range for Plantar Fasciopathy?
45-65 years
What are common management strategies for De Quervains?
- Education
- Load Management
- Exercise
- Splinting
What is the typical age range for individuals suffering from De Quervains?
40s-50s
What are the clinical signs of Medial Epicondylalgia?
- Pain on the medial aspect of the elbow
- Tender on palpation
- Aggravated by resisted/repetitive wrist flexion or pronation
What is the prevalence of Lateral Epicondylalgia in the population?
1-3%
What is the most common overuse syndrome in the elbow?
Lateral Epicondylalgia / Tennis Elbow
What are the main symptoms of Rotator Cuff Related Shoulder Pain?
- Pain and impairment of shoulder movement
- Painful to lie on affected side
What does the Cook and Purdum model focus on?
Understanding the pathophysiology of tendinopathy and the common areas for tendinopathy to occur
What factors can contribute to tendon strain or tears?
- Training Load / Error
- Previous Injury
- Muscle Weakness
- Biomechanics
- Increased BMI
- Diabetes
- Age
- Gender
- Genetics
What are common muscles for tears?
- Pec Major
- Long Head of Biceps
- Rotator Cuff
- Quads
- Hamstrings
- Achilles Tendon
What changes occur in the ground substance during tendinopathy?
Increased proteoglycans leading to increased water content and making the tendon weaker
What is the term used to describe pain and dysfunction associated with any tendon?
Tendinopathy
