WEEK 4 Common Orthopaedic

Question 1

What is a Dynamic Hip Screw commonly used for?

Answer 1

Indicated in the case of #NOF for older osteoporotic patients

#NOF stands for neck of femur fracture.

Question 2

What is the purpose of External Fixation?

Answer 2

Surgical treatment for severe open fractures, infected non-unions, correction of malalignments, poly trauma

It allows for weightbearing in lower limb fractures which can promote healing.

Question 3

How long can External Fixation remain in place?

Answer 3

Can remain in place for weeks or months, often at least 9 months for lower limb Ilizarov frames.

Question 4

What are some complications associated with External Fixation?

Answer 4

• Post-op Infection
• DVT – Wells Score
• Malfunction of prosthesis
• Nerve Injury

Question 5

What is the main goal of Total Shoulder Replacement (TSR)?

Answer 5

To reduce pain and restore mobility in patients with late stage shoulder OA or after a severe shoulder fracture.

Question 6

What are the two types of Total Shoulder Replacement?

Answer 6

• Traditional
• Reverse

Question 7

What is the surgical approach for a Traditional Total Shoulder Replacement?

Answer 7

GHJ accessed anteriorly, deltoid and pecs separated, subscapularis cut to gain access.

Question 8

What is the post-operative care in the early phase after Total Shoulder Replacement?

Answer 8

• Sling for 2 weeks
• ROM exercises as allowed
• Taught how to complete ADLs
• Pain Management

Question 9

What is ACL Reconstruction indicated for?

Answer 9

Patients who have ruptured their ACL.

Question 10

What types of grafts can be used in ACL Reconstruction?

Answer 10

• Hamstring
• Patella Tendon (Autograft)

Question 11

What is the typical rehabilitation duration after ACL Reconstruction for return to sport?

Answer 11

9-12 months.

Question 12

What is the typical post-operative rehabilitation for knee and hip replacements?

Answer 12

• FWB after surgery
• Start mobilising Day 0 if possible
• ROM / Strength exercises
• Pain management

Question 13

What does Total Knee Replacement (TKR / TKA) involve?

Answer 13

• Replacement of distal femur with a curved metal prosthesis
• Replacement of proximal tibia with a flat prosthesis
• Placement of a plastic spacer in between the two components.

Question 14

What is the difference between elective and trauma surgery?

Answer 14

• Elective procedures are planned in advance (e.g., joint replacements)
• Trauma surgery is used for traumatic injuries (e.g., ORIF).

Question 15

What is a Hemiarthroplasty?

Answer 15

Surgical procedure that involves replacing half of the hip joint, specifically the femoral head.

Question 16

What is the aim of a Rotator Cuff Repair?

Answer 16

Indicated for complete tears of rotator cuff tendons or partial tears that have failed conservative treatment.

Question 17

What is the post-operative rehabilitation duration for Rotator Cuff Repair?

Answer 17

3-6 months.

Question 18

What is the Thompson Test used for?

Answer 18

To assess for Achilles ruptures.

Question 19

What does ORIF stand for?

Answer 19

Open Reduction Internal Fixation.

Question 20

What is the purpose of Discectomy / Decompression?

Answer 20

To reduce compression to the nerve and/or spinal cord due to disc prolapse or bony spurs.

Question 21

What is the surgical procedure for spinal fusion?

Answer 21

Uses screws and rods to fix vertebra in place.

Question 22

What surgical approach is used for a Discectomy?

Answer 22

Central posterior incision made over the appropriate vertebrae.

Question 23

What types of surgeries are included in common orthopaedic procedures?

Answer 23

• Debridement
• Menisectomy
• Labral Repair
• Microfractures
• Muscle / ligament / tendon reconstructions