Week 1: Review of Respiratory System and Upper Respi Diseases

Question 1

Movement of air in and out of the lungs passage (Thorax and Diaphragm).

Answer 1

Pulmonary Ventilation

Question 2

Exchange of gases between air and blood at pulmonary capillaries (Alveoli).

Answer 2

External Respiration

Question 3

02 and CO2 carried in blood associated with RBC’s. (In the heart)

Answer 3

Gas Transport through blood vessels/ Circulation

Question 4

Exchange of gasses between blood and body cells at systemic capillaries. 02 out of the blood, CO2 into the blood.

Answer 4

Internal Respiration

Question 5

Breakdown of molecules at mitochondria within cells to form ATP, this uses up oxygen and produces CO2 as a by-product

Answer 5

Cellular Respiration

Question 6

5 steps in respiratory process

PEGIC

Answer 6

Pulmonary Ventilation
External Respiration
Gas Transport through blood vessels/ Circulation

Question 6

5 steps in respiratory process

PEGIC

Answer 6

Pulmonary Ventilation
External Respiration
Gas Transport through blood vessels/ Circulation
Internal Respiration
Cellular Respiration

Question 7

how to get Total Lung Capacity

Answer 7

TLC=FRC+IC

Question 8

Characterized by a reduction in lung volume

Answer 8

Restrictive respiratory disorder

Question 9

who has a high mortality. 35 - 75 years of age for COPD?

Answer 9

Male

Question 10

reflex response to irritation of upper respiratory tract

Answer 10

Sneezing

Question 11

reflex response to irritation of lower respiratory tract.

Answer 11

Coughing

Question 12

due to constant irritation and often the result of persistent cough.

Answer 12

Sputum production/phlegm

Question 13

Increased depth and rate of breathing

Answer 13

Hyperpnoea

Question 14

Gradual increase and decrease in respirations with periods of apnea

Answer 14

Cheyne stokes

Question 15

Abnormal breathing pattern with clusters of rapid respiration of equal depth and regular apnea periods

Answer 15

Biot’s

Question 16

Tachypnea and hyperpnea

Answer 16

Kussmaul’s

Question 17

Prolonged inspiratory phase with prolonged expiratory phase

Answer 17

Apneustic

Question 18

crowing sound during breathing. Caused by turbulent airflow through a narrowed upper airway.

Answer 18

Stridor

Question 19

is an inspiratory sound due to vibration in the pharynx during sleep.

Answer 19

Stertorous beathing

Question 20

a subjective discomfort feeling during breathing.

Answer 20

dsypnea

Question 21

increased intensity and clarity of the spoken word during auscultation.

Answer 21

Bronchophony

Question 22

Causes of Clubbing: (ABCDEF)

Answer 22

Abscess (lung)
Bronchiectasis (including CF)
Cancer (lung)
Decreased oxygen (hypoxia)
Empyema
Fibrosing (cystic fibrosis)

Question 23

Upper respiratory diseases

Answer 23

URI
Croup
Epiglottitis
Flu (Influenza)

Question 24

Lower RD

Answer 24

Bronchiolitis (RSV) Pneumonia SARS TB Fungal diseases

Question 25

Expansion disorders APPR

Answer 25

Atelectasis Pleural effusion Pneumothorax Resp. distress syndrome

Question 26

Treatment for uncomplicated influenza

Answer 26

Antivirals: Tamiflu

Question 27

coughing, sneezing and sore throat.

Answer 27

Common cold

Question 28

3 respiratory infections of children LEB

Answer 28

Laryngotracheobronchitis (croup) upper tract infection Epiglottitis / upper tract infection Bronchiolitis (respiratory syncytial virus (RSV]) lower tract infection

Question 29

Get necrosis & inflammation in small bronchi & bronchioles in young infants (2mon-12mons)

Answer 29

Bronchiolitis (respiratory syncytial virus (RSV]) lower tract infection

Question 30

Occurs when an undrained collection of pus accumulates in a sinus.

Answer 30

Acute bacterial sinusitis

Question 31

the most common sinuses affected in hay fever

Answer 31

(maxillary sinuses

Question 32

Epistaxis is the bleeding from?

Answer 32

Kiesselbach’s plexus

Question 33

Most common cause of vocal hoarseness

Answer 33

Acute laryngitis

Question 34

treatment for acute laryngitis

Answer 34

Erythromycin

Question 35

Others that cause pneumonia:

Answer 35

Mycoplasma pneumoniae Legionella pneumophila

Question 36

respiratory center for muscle of respiration

Answer 36

medulla oblongata and pons stimulates the muscles of inspiration

Question 37

sensory signals to the respiratory center. Receptors are classified as:

Answer 37

chemoreceptors, baroreceptors, proprioceptors, and stretch receptors.

Question 38

inappropriate breathlessness at night.

Answer 38

Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea

Question 39

dyspnea on the upright position relieved by supine position

Answer 39

Platypnea

Question 40

patients with influenza usually recovers within

Answer 40

1 week