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MEDSURG 112 Prelim > Week 1: Review of Respiratory System and Upper Respi Diseases > Flashcards

Week 1: Review of Respiratory System and Upper Respi Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

Movement of air in and out of the lungs passage (Thorax and Diaphragm).

A

Pulmonary Ventilation

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2
Q

Exchange of gases between air and blood at pulmonary capillaries (Alveoli).

A

External Respiration

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3
Q

02 and CO2 carried in blood associated with RBC’s. (In the heart)

A

Gas Transport through blood vessels/ Circulation

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4
Q

Exchange of gasses between blood and body cells at systemic capillaries. 02 out of the blood, CO2 into the blood.

A

Internal Respiration

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5
Q

Breakdown of molecules at mitochondria within cells to form ATP, this uses up oxygen and produces CO2 as a by-product

A

Cellular Respiration

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6
Q

5 steps in respiratory process

PEGIC

A

Pulmonary Ventilation
External Respiration
Gas Transport through blood vessels/ Circulation

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6
Q

5 steps in respiratory process

PEGIC

A

Pulmonary Ventilation
External Respiration
Gas Transport through blood vessels/ Circulation
Internal Respiration
Cellular Respiration

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7
Q

how to get Total Lung Capacity

A

TLC=FRC+IC

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8
Q

Characterized by a reduction in lung volume

A

Restrictive respiratory disorder

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9
Q

who has a high mortality. 35 - 75 years of age for COPD?

A

Male

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10
Q

reflex response to irritation of upper respiratory tract

A

Sneezing

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11
Q

reflex response to irritation of lower respiratory tract.

A

Coughing

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12
Q

due to constant irritation and often the result of persistent cough.

A

Sputum production/phlegm

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13
Q

Increased depth and rate of breathing

A

Hyperpnoea

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14
Q

Gradual increase and decrease in respirations with periods of apnea

A

Cheyne stokes

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15
Q

Abnormal breathing pattern with clusters of rapid respiration of equal depth and regular apnea periods

A

Biot’s

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16
Q

Tachypnea and hyperpnea

A

Kussmaul’s

17
Q

Prolonged inspiratory phase with prolonged expiratory phase

A

Apneustic

18
Q

crowing sound during breathing. Caused by turbulent airflow through a narrowed upper airway.

A

Stridor

19
Q

is an inspiratory sound due to vibration in the pharynx during sleep.

A

Stertorous beathing

20
Q

a subjective discomfort feeling during breathing.

A

dsypnea

21
Q

increased intensity and clarity of the spoken word during auscultation.

A

Bronchophony

22
Q

Causes of Clubbing: (ABCDEF)

A

Abscess (lung)
Bronchiectasis (including CF)
Cancer (lung)
Decreased oxygen (hypoxia)
Empyema
Fibrosing (cystic fibrosis)

23
Q

Upper respiratory diseases

A

URI
Croup
Epiglottitis
Flu (Influenza)

24
Q

Lower RD

A

Bronchiolitis (RSV)
Pneumonia
SARS
TB
Fungal diseases

25
Q

Expansion disorders APPR

A

Atelectasis
Pleural effusion
Pneumothorax
Resp. distress syndrome

26
Q

Treatment for uncomplicated influenza

A

Antivirals: Tamiflu

27
Q

coughing, sneezing and sore throat.

A

Common cold

28
Q

3 respiratory infections of children

LEB

A

Laryngotracheobronchitis (croup) upper tract infection
Epiglottitis / upper tract infection
Bronchiolitis (respiratory syncytial virus (RSV]) lower tract infection

29
Q

Get necrosis & inflammation in small bronchi & bronchioles in young infants (2mon-12mons)

A

Bronchiolitis (respiratory syncytial virus (RSV]) lower tract infection

30
Q

Occurs when an undrained collection of pus accumulates in a sinus.

A

Acute bacterial sinusitis

31
Q

the most common sinuses affected in hay fever

A

(maxillary sinuses

32
Q

Epistaxis is the bleeding from?

A

Kiesselbach’s plexus

33
Q

Most common cause of vocal hoarseness

A

Acute laryngitis

34
Q

treatment for acute laryngitis

A

Erythromycin

35
Q

Others that cause pneumonia:

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Legionella pneumophila

36
Q

respiratory center for muscle of respiration

A

medulla oblongata and pons stimulates the muscles of inspiration

37
Q

sensory signals to the respiratory center. Receptors are classified as:

A

chemoreceptors, baroreceptors, proprioceptors, and stretch receptors.

38
Q

inappropriate breathlessness at night.

A

Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea

39
Q

dyspnea on the upright position relieved by supine position

A

Platypnea

40
Q

patients with influenza usually recovers within

A

1 week

MEDSURG 112 Prelim (9 decks)

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