Week 10

Question 1

Embodied

Answer 1

Built into and linked to our cognition

Question 2

Illusions

Answer 2

Occur when the perceptual process that normally helps us correctly perceive the world around us are fooled by a particular situation so that we see something that does not exist or that is incorrect

Question 3

McGurk effect

Answer 3

An effect in which conflicting visual and auditory components of a speech stimulus result in an illusory percept

Question 4

Perceptual constancy

Answer 4

Th ability to perceive a stimulus as constant despite changes in sensation

Question 5

Saccades

Answer 5

Quick, simultaneous movement of the eyes

Question 6

Selective attention

Answer 6

The ability to select certain stimuli in the environment to process, while ignoring distracting information

Question 7

Sensory adaptation

Answer 7

Decrease in sensitivity of a receptor to a stimulus after constant stimulation

Question 8

Sensory interaction

Answer 8

The working together of different senses to create experience

Question 9

Synesthesia

Answer 9

An experience in which one sensation creates experience in another

Question 10

Dichotic listening

Answer 10

An experimental task in which two messages are presented to different ears

Question 11

Divided attention

Answer 11

The ability to flexibly allocate attentional resources between two or more concurrent tasks

Question 12

Inattentional blindness

Answer 12

The failure to notice a fully visible object when attention is devoted to something else

Question 13

Limited capacity

Answer 13

The notion that humans have limited mental resources that can be used at a given time

Question 14

Shadowing

Answer 14

A task in which the individual is asked to repeat an auditory message as it is presented

Question 15

Subliminal perception

Answer 15

The ability to process information for meaning when the individual is not consciously aware of that information

Question 16

Inattentional deafness

Answer 16

The auditory analog of inattentional blindness. People fail to notice an unexpected sound or voice when attention is devoted to other aspects of a scene

Question 17

Selective listening

Answer 17

A method for studying selective attention in which people focus attention on one auditory stream of information while deliberately ignoring auditory information

Question 18

Central executive

Answer 18

The part of working memory that directs attention and processing

Question 19

Chunking

Answer 19

The process of organizing information into smaller groupings (chunks), thereby increasing the number of items that can be held in STM (short-term memory)

Question 20

Classical conditioning effects

Answer 20

We learn, often without effort or awareness, to associate neutral stimuli with another stimulus, which creates a naturally occurring response

Question 21

Echoic memory

Answer 21

Auditory sensory memory

Question 22

Eidetic imagery

Answer 22

When people can report details of an image over long periods of time (photographic memory)

Question 23

Episodic memory

Answer 23

The ability to learn and retrieve new information or episodes in one’s life

Question 24

Explicit memory

Answer 24

Knowledge or experiences that can be consciously remembered

Question 25

Iconic memory

Answer 25

Visual sensory memory

Question 26

Implicit memory

Answer 26

A type of long-term memory that does not require conscious thought to encode. The type of memory one makes without intent

Question 27

Maintenance rehersal

Answer 27

The process of repeating information mentally or out loud with the goal of keeping it in memory

Question 28

What are the memory stages?

Answer 28

Sensory, short-term, long-term

Question 29

Procedural memory

Answer 29

Our often-unexplained knowledge of how to do things

Question 30

Recall memory

Answer 30

A measure of explicit memory that involves determining whether information has been seen or learned before

Question 31

Relearning

Answer 31

Assesses how much more quickly information is processed or learned when it's studied again after it's already been learned then forgotten

Question 32

Semantic memory

Answer 32

The permanent store of knowledge that people have

Question 33

Sensory memory

Answer 33

The brief storage of sensory information

Question 34

Short term memory (STM)

Answer 34

The place where small amounts of information can be temporarily kept for more than a few seconds but usually for less than one minute

Question 35

Types of memory

Answer 35

Explicit and implicit memory

Question 36

Working memory

Answer 36

The form of memory we use to hold onto information temporarily, usually for the purposes of manipulation