Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Psychology > Week 7 > Flashcards

Week 7 Flashcards

(66 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Absolute threshold

A

The smallest amount of stimulation needed for detection by a sense

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Agnosia

A

Loos of ability to perceive stimuli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Anosmia

A

Loss of ability to smell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Audition

A

Ability to process auditory stimuli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Auditory canal

A

Tube running from the outer ear to the middle ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Auditory hair cells

A

Receptors in the cochlea that transduce sound into electrical potentials

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Binocular disparity

A

Difference in images processed by the left and right eyes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Binocular vision

A

Our ability to perceive 3D and depth because of the difference between the images on each of our retinas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Bottom-up processing

A

Building up to perceptual experience form individual pieces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Chemical senses

A

Our ability to process the environmental stimuli of smell and taste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Cochlea

A

Spiral bone structure in the inner ear containing auditory hair cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Cones

A

Photoreceptors of the retina sensitive to colour; located in the fovea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Dark adaptation

A

Adjustment of eye to low levels of light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Differential threshold

A

The smallest difference needed to differentiate two stimuli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Dorsal pathway

A

Pathway of visual process, the “where” pathway

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Gustation

A

Ability to process gustatory stimuli (taste)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Just noticeable difference (JND)

A

The smallest difference needed to differentiate two stimuli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Light adaptation

A

Adjustment of eye to high levels of light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Mechanoreceptors

A

Mechanical sensory receptors in the skin that respond to tactile stimulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Multimodal perception

A

The effects that concurrent stimulation in more than one sensory modality has on the perception of events and objects in the word

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Nociception

A

Our ability to sense pain; a neural process of encoding noxious stimuli, the sensory input from noxioceptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Odorants

A

Chemicals transduced by olfactory receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Olfaction

A

Ability to process olfactory receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Opponent-process theory

A

Theory proposing colour vision as influences by cells responsive to pairs of colours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Ossicals
A collection of three small bones in the middle ear that vibrate against the tympanic membrane
26
Perception
The psychological process of interpreting sensory information
27
Phantom limb
The perception that a missing limb still exists
28
Pinna
Outermost portion of the ear
29
Primary auditory cortex
Area of the cortex involved in processing auditory stimuli
30
Primary somatosensory cortex
Area of the cortex involved in processing somatosensory stimuli
31
Primary visual cortex
Area of the cortex involved in processing visual stimuli
32
Principle of inverse effectiveness
The finding that, for a multimodal stimulus, if the response to each unimodal component is weak, then the opportunity for multisensory enhancement is very large. However, if one component is sufficient to evoke a strong response, then the effect on response gained by simultaneously processing the other components of the stimulus will be relatively small
33
Retina
Cell layer in the back of the eye containing photoreceptors
34
Rods
Photoreceptors of the retina sensitive to low levels of light. Located around the fovea
35
Sensation
The physical processing of environmental stimuli by the sense organs
36
Sensory adaptation
Decrease in sensitivity of a receptor to a stimulus after constant stimulation
37
Shape theory of olfaction
Theory proposing that odorants of different size and shape correspond to different smells
38
Signal detection
Method for studying the ability to correctly identify sensory stimuli
39
Somatosensation
Ability to sense touch, pain, and temperature
40
Somatotopic map
Organization of the primary somatosensory cortex maintaining a representation of the arrangement of the body
41
Superadditive effect of multisensory integration
The finding that responses to multimodal stimuli are typically greater than the sum of the independent response to each unimodal component if it were presented on its own
42
Tastants
Chemicals transduced by taste receptor cells
43
Top-down processing
Experience influencing the perception of stimuli
44
Transduction
The conversion of one form of energy to another
45
Trichromatic theory
Theory proposing colour vision as influenced by three different cones responding preferentially to red, green, and blue
46
Tympanic membrane
Thin, stretched membrane in the middle ear that vibrates in response to sound (eardrum). Separates the outer and middle ear
47
Ventral pathway
Pathway of visual processing, the "what" pathway
48
Vestibular system
Parts of the inner ear involved in balance
49
Weber's law
States that just noticeable difference is proportional to the magnitude of the initial stimulus
50
Cochlea
Snail-shell-shaped organ that transduces mechanical vibrations into neural signals
51
Interaural differences
Differences between the two ears
52
Pinna
Visible part of the outer ear
53
A-fibers
Fast-conducting sensory nerves with myelinated axons
54
Allodynia
Pain due to a stimulus that does not normally provoke pain
55
Analgesia
Pain relief
56
C-fibers
Slow-conducting unmyelinated thin sensory afferents
57
Cutaneous senses
The senses of the skin: tactile, pruritic (itchy), painful, and pleasurable
58
Descending pain modulatory system
A top-down pain-modulating system able to inhibit of facilitate pain
59
Endorphin
An endogenous morphine-like peptide that binds to the opioid receptors in the brain and body; synthesized in the body's nervous system
60
Exteroception
The sense of the external world, of all stimulation originating from outside our own bodies
61
Interoception
The sense of the physiological state of the body, hunger, thirst, temperature, and other sensations relevant to homeostasis
62
Noxious stimulus
A stimulus that is damaging or threatens damage to normal tissues
63
Placebo effect
Effects from a treatment that are not caused by the physical properties of a treatment by the meaning ascribed to it
64
Sensitization
Increased responsiveness of nociceptive neurons to their normal input
65
Social touch hypothesis
Proposes that social touch is a distinct domain of touch
66
Transduction
The mechanisms that convert stimulus into electrical signals that can be transmitted and processed by the nervous system

Psychology (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions