Week 10 - PNS

Question 1

Which of the following is a component of the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)? A) Brain B) Spinal cord C) Cranial nerves D) Cerebellum

Answer 1

C) Cranial nerves

Question 2

How many pairs of spinal nerves are there in the PNS? A) 12 B) 24 C) 31 D) 46

Answer 2

C) 31

Question 3

The sensory division of the PNS is also known as the: A) Efferent division B) Afferent division C) Motor division D) Autonomic division

Answer 3

B) Afferent division

Question 4

The motor division of the PNS is divided into: A) Somatic and Sensory B) Somatic and Autonomic C) Autonomic and Sensory D) Sensory and Afferent

Answer 4

B) Somatic and Autonomic

Question 5

The Somatic Nervous System controls: A) Involuntary movements B) Voluntary muscle movements C) Digestion D) Heart rate

Answer 5

B) Voluntary muscle movements

Question 6

Which receptor detects pain? A) Mechanoreceptor B) Chemoreceptor C) Nociceptor D) Photoreceptor

Answer 6

C) Nociceptor

Question 7

Which type of receptor is responsible for detecting changes in temperature? A) Photoreceptor B) Thermoreceptor C) Chemoreceptor D) Proprioceptor

Answer 7

B) Thermoreceptor

Question 8

What do exteroceptors respond to? A) Internal organ stimuli B) External stimuli C) Position and movement D) Pain only

Answer 8

B) External stimuli

Question 9

Which receptor is located in the basal layer of the epidermis and detects light pressure? A) Merkel discs B) Ruffini endings C) Pacinian corpuscles D) Meissner’s corpuscles

Answer 9

A) Merkel discs

Question 10

What do Meissner’s corpuscles detect? A) Deep pressure B) Light touch C) Vibration D) Stretch

Answer 10

B) Light touch

Question 11

Which of the following receptors detects deep and continuous pressure? A) Merkel discs B) Meissner’s corpuscles C) Ruffini endings D) Nociceptors

Answer 11

C) Ruffini endings

Question 12

The circuit level of neural integration involves: A) Sensory receptors B) Delivery of impulses to the cerebral cortex C) Reflex arcs D) Feature abstraction

Answer 12

B) Delivery of impulses to the cerebral cortex

Question 13

What is perceptual detection? A) Ability to detect a stimulus has occurred B) Ability to identify the intensity of the stimulus C) Ability to determine the location of the stimulus D) Ability to recognise patterns

Answer 13

A) Ability to detect a stimulus has occurred

Question 14

Which receptors adapt quickly to stimulus changes? A) Tonic receptors B) Phasic receptors C) Nociceptors D) Proprioceptors

Answer 14

B) Phasic receptors

Question 15

What is the first step in a reflex arc? A) Motor neuron transmits signal B) Effector cells respond C) Integration in CNS D) Nociceptor senses stimulus

Answer 15

D) Nociceptor senses stimulus

Question 16

Sharp pain is transmitted by: A) C fibres B) A delta fibres C) Non-myelinated fibres D) Nociceptors

Answer 16

B) A delta fibres

Question 17

What neurotransmitters are involved in pain transmission? A) Dopamine and serotonin B) Endorphins and enkephalins C) Glutamate and substance P D) Acetylcholine and GABA

Answer 17

C) Glutamate and substance P

Question 18

Which nerve controls diaphragm function? A) Median nerve B) Radial nerve C) Phrenic nerve D) Ulnar nerve

Answer 18

C) Phrenic nerve

Question 19

What is the term for pain that is felt in an area other than its origin? A) Referred pain B) Phantom limb pain C) Hyperalgesia D) Chronic pain

Answer 19

A) Referred pain

Question 20

How many pairs of cranial nerves are there? A) 10 B) 11 C) 12 D) 14

Answer 20

C) 12

Question 21

Which cranial nerve is responsible for smell? A) Optic B) Olfactory C) Trigeminal D) Facial

Answer 21

B) Olfactory

Question 22

Which cranial nerve controls lateral eye movement? A) Oculomotor B) Abducens C) Trochlear D) Optic

Answer 22

B) Abducens

Question 23

Bell’s palsy affects which cranial nerve? A) Vagus B) Trigeminal C) Facial D) Hypoglossal

Answer 23

C) Facial

Question 24

Which cranial nerve is involved in hearing and balance? A) Vestibulocochlear B) Vagus C) Glossopharyngeal D) Hypoglossal

Answer 24

A) Vestibulocochlear

Question 25

Which nerve innervates the tongue for speech? A) Glossopharyngeal B) Hypoglossal C) Facial D) Vagus

Answer 25

B) Hypoglossal

Question 26

The trigeminal nerve is responsible for: A) Vision B) Facial sensation and chewing C) Smell D) Balance

Answer 26

B) Facial sensation and chewing

Question 27

Which of the following is an autonomic function of the vagus nerve? A) Hearing B) Taste C) Control of heart and digestive functions D) Eye movement

Answer 27

C) Control of heart and digestive functions

Question 28

Which layer surrounds individual axons in a nerve? A) Epineurium B) Perineurium C) Endoneurium D) Fascicle

Answer 28

C) Endoneurium

Question 29

Which nerve plexus innervates the upper limbs? A) Cervical B) Brachial C) Lumbar D) Sacral

Answer 29

B) Brachial

Question 30

What is the largest nerve in the body? A) Radial nerve B) Median nerve C) Sciatic nerve D) Ulnar nerve

Answer 30

C) Sciatic nerve

Question 31

Which plexus innervates the legs and feet? A) Cervical B) Lumbar C) Sacral D) Brachial

Answer 31

C) Sacral

Question 32

Which nerve is often affected in carpal tunnel syndrome? A) Ulnar B) Radial C) Phrenic D) Median

Answer 32

D) Median

Question 33

Which of the following describes hyperalgesia? A) Pain felt in another body region B) Long-lasting pain amplification C) Short-term sharp pain D) Complete numbness

Answer 33

B) Long-lasting pain amplification

Question 34

Phantom limb pain can be reduced by: A) Using NSAIDs B) Blocking spinal pain pathways with an epidural C) Stretching exercises D) Surgery

Answer 34

B) Blocking spinal pain pathways with an epidural

Question 35

Which of the following is the main neurotransmitter in the pain-suppressing system? A) Dopamine/serotonin B) Acetylcholine C) Endorphins/enkephalins D) Glutamate

Answer 35

C) Endorphins/enkephalins

Question 36

Reflex arcs bypass which part of the nervous system? A) Spinal cord B) Brain C) Cranial nerves D) Peripheral nerves

Answer 36

B) Brain

Question 37

What does the femoral nerve innervate? A) Diaphragm B) Anterior thigh muscles C) Facial muscles D) Back muscles

Answer 37

B) Anterior thigh muscles

Question 38

Which layer of the nerve encloses fascicles? A) Epineurium B) Endoneurium C) Perineurium D) Myelin sheath

Answer 38

C) Perineurium

Question 39

Which cranial nerve innervates the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles? A) Hypoglossal B) Accessory C) Glossopharyngeal D) Trigeminal

Answer 39

B) Accessory

Question 40

The sciatic nerve originates from which plexus? A) Lumbar B) Cervical C) Brachial D) Sacral

Answer 40

D) Sacral

Question 41

Which cranial nerve carries taste sensations from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue? A) Vagus B) Glossopharyngeal C) Facial D) Trigeminal

Answer 41

C) Facial

Question 42

Which spinal nerve root carries motor signals? A) Dorsal B) Ventral C) Rami D) Trunk

Answer 42

B) Ventral

Question 43

The optic nerve is responsible for: A) Smell B) Hearing C) Vision D) Taste

Answer 43

C) Vision

Question 44

Which nerve controls muscles responsible for chewing? A) Vagus B) Trigeminal C) Facial D) Glossopharyngeal

Answer 44

B) Trigeminal

Question 45

What type of receptors are involved in detecting muscle stretch? A) Mechanoreceptors B) Photoreceptors C) Proprioceptors D) Nociceptors

Answer 45

C) Proprioceptors

Question 46

What type of sensory receptor is fast adapting and detects changes in the external environment? A) Tonic B) Phasic C) Nociceptors D) Proprioceptors

Answer 46

B) Phasic

Question 47

Which cranial nerve controls pupil constriction and lens focusing? A) Abducens B) Optic C) Oculomotor D) Trochlear

Answer 47

C) Oculomotor