week 2

Question 1

why treat oral disease

Answer 1

Life is less satisfying

ability to interview for a job is lower

Question 2

is malocclusion a disease

Answer 2

No, a spectrum due to biologic variability/diversity

Question 3

when is malocclusion found

Answer 3

When deviation from the normal reaches certain severity degree

Question 4

what percent of the population has malocclusion

Answer 4

35% normal
60% maloclusion (20% mild, 20% moderate, 20% severe)
5% handicapped

Question 5

what are the aspects of maloclusion

Answer 5

Sagittal/anteroposterior
Verticle/horizontal plane
transverse
Intra-arch (crowding/spacing/rotation)
Soft tissue problems

Question 6

how does NHANES III determine malocclusion

Answer 6

Incisor irregularity
Overbite/open bite
overjet for molar class
Post cross bite
Midline diastema greater than 2mm

Question 7

why does mandibular crowding increase with age

Answer 7

3rd molar eruption

Question 8

what is overjet

Answer 8

maxillary incisors forward from the mandibular incisors

Question 9

how does overjet related to Malocclusion

Answer 9

OFten a surrogate measurement for class II malocclusion
decreased overjet is a surrogate for class II molocclsuion

Question 10

what happens to mild class II from childhood to adolescence

Answer 10

decreases

Question 11

what happens to mild class III from childhood to adolscence

Answer 11

increases

Question 12

why does Mild class II decrease, and mild class III increase

Answer 12

Differential jaw growth

Leeway/E space

Question 13

what race tends to be class II

Answer 13

European americans

Question 14

what race tends to be class II

Answer 14

African americans

Hispanic americas

Question 15

what is overbite

Answer 15

The amount that a max incisor goes over the mandibular incisor

Question 16

why does deep bite decrease from childhood to adult

Answer 16

Verticle diminsion is the last to increase

Question 17

why does posterior cross-bite increase

Answer 17

Transverse is the first to icnrease except in the molar region

Question 18

commonness of Normal Class I occlusion

Answer 18

30-35%

Question 19

commonness of Class I malocclusion

Answer 19

50-55%

Question 20

commonnes of Class II malocclusion

Answer 20

15-20%

Question 21

commonness of Class III malocclusion

Answer 21

1%

Question 22

what causes malocclusion

Answer 22

Development of interaction of multiple factors (not pathologic)

Question 23

how do heritable estimate change with increasing age for skeltal and dental cariables

Answer 23

Increase for skeletal

decrease for dental

Question 24

where is inheritance particularily strong in the craniofacial

Answer 24

mandibular prognathism

followed by long face pattern of facial development

Question 25

how does hereditary affect brothers

Answer 25

OFten mirror images of each other

Question 26

what agent can affect pre-netal development

Answer 26

Teratogens biological agents Radiation

Question 27

what developmental problems can affect pre-netal development

Answer 27

Fetal molding and birth injuries (pierre robin seqeunce) | migration of neural crest cells (treacher - collin syndrome, hemifacial microsomia)

Question 28

what can cause problems in post natal development

Answer 28

Childhood fractures Muscle dysfunction (atrophy, hyperfunction, mucle weakness syndromes) acromegaly condylar hyperpalasia/ hemi-mandibular hypertrophy

Question 29

what is the form function interaction

Answer 29

altered function would be the major cause of malocclusion if function can affect the growth of the jaws

Question 30

what are the functional influences

Answer 30

Digit sucking tongue thrust Respiratory patterns

Question 31

does 3rd molars cause incisor crowding

Answer 31

NO, according to reaserch into functional influences

Question 32

how long must you apply pressure to cause problems due to thumb sucking

Answer 32

6 hours

Question 33

what causes a long face

Answer 33

mouth breathing

Question 34

are genetics or envinornment the cause of malocclusion

Answer 34

Both

Question 35

do we know the etiology of most malocclusion

Answer 35

No

Question 36

does genetics affect skeletal or dental more

Answer 36

Skeletal

Question 37

does environment affect skeletal or dental more

Answer 37

Dental

Question 38

why use the diagnostic method

Answer 38

determine problem | create treatment plan for problem

Question 39

why listen to the chief complaint

Answer 39

Know expectations of patient set patient priorities Motiviation and cooperation

Question 40

what is included in med history

Answer 40

``` History of systemic disorders pre-medication current meds trauma allergies ```

Question 41

what radiographs should be taken for growth

Answer 41

Hand wrist, cervical spine | Ceph superimposition

Question 42

what does Angle' classification apply to (teeth and planes)

Answer 42

Permanent teeth | Anterior posterior planes of space

Question 43

how does Angle's classification do skeletal

Answer 43

Roughly aplied( class I dental= class I skeletal)

Question 44

what is the most common malocclusion

Answer 44

Skeletal/Dental class I crowded

Question 45

what other problems are associated with class I skeletal

Answer 45

transvere and vertical planes | Dental malocclusion

Question 46

how to tell a dental and sketal constriction for a posterior cross bite

Answer 46

wide palate is a dental constriction

Question 47

what mandibular plane angle is found in a long face

Answer 47

Steep

Question 48

what is the mandibular plane angle for a short face

Answer 48

Flat/horizontal

Question 49

what is the primary cause of mandibular asymmetry

Answer 49

CR/CO shift

Question 50

when is a profile analysis difficult

Answer 50

very young kids Class III vertical problems are present

Question 51

what is the benifit of Cephalometrics

Answer 51

evaluate hard and soft tissue | -Dx, progress, treatment, growth record

Question 52

what does SNA say

Answer 52

maxillary position

Question 53

what does SNB say

Answer 53

mandibular possition

Question 54

what does ANB say

Answer 54

Maxilla to Mandible

Question 55

what are the uses of diagnostic casts

Answer 55

``` Evaluation Space analysis Tooth size analysis Case presentation treatment eval/documentation ```

Question 56

what are the assumption of arch length analysis

Answer 56

All succedaneous teeth develop normal Correlation between lower incisor width and width of unerupted succedaneous teeth prediction tables valid for patient arch dimension do not chnage during rowth mesial molar shift predictable

Question 57

what tooth is measured for arch length analysis

Answer 57

M-D width of lower incisors

Question 58

how do you determine the length of the premolar and canine on one side on the mandible

Answer 58

1/2 the of lower incisors+10.5mm

Question 59

how do you predict the size of the premolar and canine on one side of the maxilla

Answer 59

1/2 the width of lower incisors +11mm

Question 60

what is the space discrepancy for each arch

Answer 60

the available space (size of incisors + predicted size of canine and premolars in both quadrants

Question 61

what is epidemiology

Answer 61

Study of the dynamics (incidence and prevalence) of occurrence of a condition/trait in a pop or group

Question 62

what is NHANES III

Answer 62

surved 14000 individuals to provide current info on children, adults, and major ethnic groups in the early 90s

Question 63

does irregularity increase betwen childhood and youth

Answer 63

Yes

Question 64

does irregulatiry increase between youth and adult

Answer 64

No, except mandibular crowding increases

Question 65

how often are diastema

Answer 65

26% ages 8-11 | 6% later in life

Question 66

what causes diastima to close naturally

Answer 66

Max canines reupt at 12 year olds

Question 67

what causes class II to go away

Answer 67

The differential rate of jaw growth during adolescent growth spurt