Week 3

Question 1

Tanakh

Answer 1

The hebrew bible

• the old testament
• 24 books
• made from 1000 - 200 BCE

Question 2

Torah

Answer 2

Five books of Moses
AKA Pentateuch
Finalized between 6th to 4th century BCE

Question 3

Nevi’im

Answer 3

Hebrew word for prophet.

Finalized around 2nd century BCE

Question 4

Ketuvim

Answer 4

Hebrew word for writings. Finalized around 2nd century BCE

Question 5

Sacred History

Answer 5

Not necessarily accurate, but are important to understanding Judaism and how Jews ought to live.

Question 6

Israel (Etymology)

Answer 6

The word refers to descendants of Jacob

Question 7

Jew (Etymology)

Answer 7

Derived from Judah, the Jewish homeland/

Question 8

Semitic (Etymology)

Answer 8

Derived from Shem, who is one of three sons of Noah.

Question 9

Creation of Torah

Answer 9

Orthodox Jews: written by Moses on Mount Sinai

Scholars: Many different texts from different period

Question 10

Documentary Hypothesis

Answer 10

The theory that the Torah consists books from different authors.

Question 11

King David

Answer 11

Ruled around 1000 BCE. Established Israelite kingdom.

Question 12

Babylonian Exile

Answer 12

722 BCE
North Kingdom fell to the Assyrian
586 BCESouth Kingdom fell to Babylonians. Lasted until Persians took over Babylonia in 539 BCE

Question 13

Talmud

Answer 13

Jewish law and ceremony stuff

Question 14

The Second Temple Period

Answer 14

515 BCE - 70 CE

Question 15

The First Temple Period

Answer 15

957 BCE - 586 BCE

Question 16

Koine

Answer 16

Common greek language

Question 17

Hellenization

Answer 17

The process by which Alexander the Great exposed/assimilated the Jews to greek culture.

Question 18

The Maccabean Revolt

Answer 18

A Jewish revolt against Antiochus IV Epiphanes (175 - 163 BCE)

Question 19

Hasmonean Family

Answer 19

Revolted against Antiochus in 167 BCE. Recaptured their temple.

Question 20

Hanukkah

Answer 20

The celebration of the Maccabees recapturing the temple from Antiochus.

Question 21

Sadducees

Answer 21

The powerful elites of the echelon society. They thought Pentateuch as the only good text. They don’t believe in judgment day.

Question 22

The Pharisees

Answer 22

They were the precursors of the rabbis. They do believe in judgement day. The believed in the entire Tanakh.

Question 23

Mishnah

Answer 23

Oral interpretation of the Torah, canonized in 220 CE.

Question 24

The Essenes Community

Answer 24

A monastic community of observant priest. Thought hellenized Jews were corrupt.

Question 25

Points of Consensus in Judaism

Answer 25

1. The oneness of God 2. The authority of the Torah 3. Special status of Israel as the chosen people 4. status of the Temple of Jerusalem

Question 26

Roman Control of Judea

Answer 26

Started in 63 BCE

Question 27

Rabbinic Period

Answer 27

70 CE - Present (Successors of the Pharisee movement)

Question 28

Rabbi Hillel

Answer 28

Important figure for Rabbis.

Question 29

Number of Muslims Presently

Answer 29

1.6 billion

Question 30

Shi'i

Answer 30

Recognize only descendants of Ali as successor

Question 31

Jahiliyya

Answer 31

The age of premodern Islam in Arabia

Question 32

Hanif

Answer 32

Spontaneous believers in Abrahamic monotheism.

Question 33

Abu Thalib

Answer 33

Muhammad's uncle

Question 34

Khadija

Answer 34

Muhammad's wife

Question 35

Nabi

Answer 35

Prophet

Question 36

Migration to Ethiopia

Answer 36

Some Muslims migrated to Ethiopia after Quraysh tribe rejected them. They were welcomed by Abyssinia as fellow monotheists.

Question 37

Isra' Mi'raj

Answer 37

Muhammad's night journey from Mecca to Jerusalem. Associated with the 5 daily prayers.

Question 38

Hijra

Answer 38

Muhammad's migration to Medina in 622.

Question 39

Umma

Answer 39

The community that Muhammad built after migrating to Medina.

Question 40

Banu Qaynuqa

Answer 40

A jewish tribe in Medina.

Question 41

Munafiqun

Answer 41

Hypocrites

Question 42

Zakat

Answer 42

A tax for Muslims.

Question 43

Hajj

Answer 43

Pilgrimage to Mecca.

Question 44

Treaty of Hudaybiyya

Answer 44

Treaty between Muhammad and the Meccans. They pilgrim a year from now, but give back daughters and stuff.