Week 8

Question 1

Insulae

Answer 1

Worship spaces pre-Constantine era. Multi-family dwelling.

Question 2

Domus Ecclesiae

Answer 2

2nd century onward dwellings for Christians. Could accommodate 75+ people.

Question 3

Basilicas

Answer 3

Originally started by constantine.

This buildings also signified places of government.

Question 4

Baptism

Answer 4

The rite of initiation for early Christians. Inherited from Judaism.

Question 5

Eucharist

Answer 5

Weekly symbolic meal (communion)

Question 6

Three Purposes for Baptism

Answer 6

Soteriological: washes away sin
Christological: plunges us into a new identity in Christ
Ecclesiological: initiates us into a new community

Question 7

Monasticism and Christianity

Answer 7

Arose as a response to Christian institutionalism. (Bishops gained power, heavy taxation)

Question 8

Essenes

Answer 8

A Jewish monastic group from 200 BC - 100 AD

Question 9

Anchoritic Monasticism

Answer 9

Refers to hermits. Monasticism to its extreme. Lead to a silent life.

Question 10

Cenobitic Monasticism

Answer 10

Communal monasticism.

Question 11

Saint Pachomius

Answer 11

The father of Cenobitic monasticism. Former pagan.

Question 12

Worship in Medieval Church

Answer 12

Became increasingly distant from the masses. (Latin, priest facing away)

Question 13

Background of Reformation

Answer 13

A lot of inequality, especially in Germany, between the clergy and the poor.

Question 14

Martin Luther

Answer 14

Father of protestant reformation. His academic background, combined with dissatisfaction with clergy mediation made him a reformist.

Question 15

Martin Luther and Salvation

Answer 15

He believed that you didn’t need the clergy to gain salvation.Faith accomplishes this. Believed in free will.

Question 16

Jean Calvin

Answer 16

Was very critical of the clergy, focus on faith and scripture. Believed in predestination, some were destined by God to damnation and some to salvation.

Question 17

Calvin and Theocracy

Answer 17

Believed theocratic state was necessary. Tried to establish this in France.

Question 18

Ulrich Zwingli

Answer 18

Swiss reformist theologian. Rejected authority of the Pope and clergy. Believed that gospels were authority.

Question 19

16th Century Reformists

Answer 19

Lutheran, Calvinist, Anabaptist (Precursor to Mennonites and Baptists)

Question 20

Lutherans

Answer 20

Departed from Catholicism by giving authority to scripture and Holy spirit. Celebrated in vernacular language, not Latin.

Question 21

Jacobus Arminius

Answer 21

Argued that Calvinism was flawed because God is compatible with free will.

Question 22

Presbyterian Church

Answer 22

Do not have bishops. These roles were given to lay elders or ‘presbyters’.

Question 23

Anabaptist

Answer 23

Rejected infant baptism. Relied on lay preachers, not clergy. Turned into Mennonites.

Question 24

Unitarianism

Answer 24

Rejected trinity.

Martin Cellarius, one of many anti-trinitarians.

Question 25

Christology

Answer 25

Unitarians believe mainline Christians don't adhere to monotheism. Jesus had supernatural capacity, but was not God.

Question 26

The Counter-Reformation

Answer 26

Protestant reformation caused reformations within the catholic church.

Question 27

Ignatius Loyola

Answer 27

Formed the Society of Jesuit. Became spearhead of missionary movement.

Question 28

The English Reformation

Answer 28

John Wycliffe first came up with the idea. Catholicism was the state religion, but Henry VIII invented Anglicanism.

Question 29

Puritans

Answer 29

Sought church purification similarly to Calvinism. They condemned every tradition of the church. Believed scripture had authority, and thought Sunday was Sabbath.

Question 30

Quakers

Answer 30

Religious Society of Friends. Pacifists. Rejecting tithing, legal oaths, and military of Catholic church.

Question 31

Congregationalists

Answer 31

Rooted in separatism during Elizabeth I. Similar to Presbyterianism. Created major colleges.

Question 32

Baptists

Answer 32

Believe baptism should be out of free will, like Anabaptist. Called for freedom from government. Religion is based on the individual.

Question 33

Pietism

Answer 33

Movement within Calvinism and Lutheranism. Focus on individual piety. Believed in renewal of faith as a certain way to divine forgiveness.

Question 34

Overview of Reformation

Answer 34

Believed in reducing role of clergy, emphasized use of vernacular language, not latin. Congregational participation.

Question 35

Indigenization of Liturgy

Answer 35

Liturgy reflects the particular culture. As culture evolves, so does not liturgy.