week 5 Flashcards
(29 cards)
the solvent in body fluid pools is what?
water
molecules dissolved in water are called ?
solutes
sodium is extracellular or intracellular
and why is it important?
extracellular
ECF, regulates ECF volume
potassium is extracellular or intracellular
and why is it important?
intracellular
leakage causes resting membrane potential
calcium is extracellular or intracellular
and why is it important?
ECF
regulates muscle contractions(skeletal, cardiac, smooth)
magnesium is extracellular or intracellular
and why is it important?
ICF
enzyme reaction acetylcholine secretion
bicarbonate
and why is it important?
extracellular buffer, maintain extracellular pH
Phosphate is extracellular or intracellular
and why is it important?
intracellular buffer, maintains intracellular pH
ANIONS balancing sodium in ECF
Chloride(+bicarbonate )
anions balancing potassium in ICF
Phosphate(+proteins)
dose hypotonic solutions have high or low osmolaity?
low
dose hypertonic solutions have high or low osmolaity?
high
what clinical signs would your see for fluid loss
increased capillary refill time, decreased skin turgor
drier mucous membranes
hypetension
tachycardia
drowsiness, dizziness,LOC
whats the difference between water loss and fluid loss?
water loss is fixed by increasing water, fluid loss is not only the loss of water but also of ions
When would Dextrose + saline be used
Used to treat hypovolaemic shock – increases water mostly
But also ions
when would you give a patient ringer’s solution or harmanns
it good because it replaces all the ions in the ECF AND the patient has slight acidosis for harmanns and ringers if they have inbalance in another ion
when would you use colloids infusion
when you want to increase plasma volume but you dont want to increase the extracellular fluid volume examples
burns
hypoproteinaemia(cirrhosis)
acute liver failure/disease
acute respiratory distres
1.cortex
2. medulla
3.renal capsule
4.proximal tubule
5.nephron loop
6. collecting duct
7. distal tubule
what is prostaglandins effect on glomerular filtration
they make it wider which increases blood flow
what is angiotensin II effect on glomerular filtration
contriction of the efferent arterials to reduce blood flow out and increase the filtration rate
proximal
distal
collecting duct
medulla
why can creatinine be uses to measure filtration rate?
Because it’s neither absorb or secreted and is constantly produced in the skeletal muscle.
what are the steps for regulation of aldosterone by blood pressure?
