week 5 and 6

Question 1

Polyphletic taxon

Answer 1

 species from different evolutionary lineage (tricked by
superficial similarities)

Question 2

monophyletic taxon

Answer 2

include ancestor and descendant.

Question 3

Paraphyletic taxon

Answer 3

include ancestor and some of its descendants.
(parapatric speciation from adjacent countries) – exclude branch

Question 4

Evolutionary trees with derived characters appear once are parmonious. INFO

Answer 4

…..

Question 5

whats an example of decent with modification

Answer 5

how different lineage came out and how are they related.

Question 6

sequence alignment –

Answer 6

look similar maybe have a common ancestor. Can infer
what happened base of genetic sequences

Question 7

analogus structures-

Answer 7

features of different species that are similar in function but not necessarily in structure and which do not derive from a common ancestral feature

Question 8

-Synapomorphies

Answer 8

are shared derived traits used to determine relationships between species

Question 9

-In the jargon of cladistics, a derived character state is called an

Answer 9

apomorphy

Question 10

Hennig and his followers argued that classifications should be based solely on evolutionary relationships. This approach, which is called

Answer 10

cladistics

Question 11

-nodes represent particular changes in cladogenesis INFO