week 9

Question 1

Sporophytes-

Answer 1

a term that refers to the diploid, spore-producing body of a plant.

Question 2

Inflorscene

Answer 2

A group of flowers on the same floral shoot, within the sexual organs of the flower certain cells divide by meiosis.

Question 3

Male gametophytes produce sperm, and female gametophytes

Answer 3

produce eggs

Question 4

pollen grains

Answer 4

are sperm of a male gametophyte

Question 5

biochemical signals,

Answer 5

Triggered in part by environmental cues such as day length and temp travel to the shoot apical meristems or axillary meristems as well as pollen tubes

Question 5

what does a pollen tube do

Answer 5

a pollen tube that grows through the floral tissue, carrying the sperm toward the egg.

Question 6

The outermost whorl (whorl 1) is made up of leaflike sepals called the:

Answer 6

calyx

Question 7

the 2nd whorl is called the ____, made up of petals and attracts pollinated species.

Answer 7

corolla

Question 8

megasporangium (nucellus) enclosed in one or two additional layers of sporophyte tissue called

Answer 8

integument.

Question 9

-self- incompatibility

Answer 9

is a biochemical recognition and rejection pro- cess that prevents self-fertilization,

Question 10

-endosporous development:

Answer 10

in many heterosporous plants as well as gametophytes produced by spores.

Question 11

In angiosperms, the eggs inside the ovaries surrounded by the ovary is surrounded

Answer 11

tissue

Question 11

different types of gametes are produced by different type of spores

Answer 11

. Microspores such as pollen which are produced in larger quantities.

Question 12

the petals are the _______(whorl 3), . The anthers give rise to male gametophytes through microspores

Answer 12

stamens

Question 13

Innermost whole whorl ______(whorl 4) consists of one or more carpels, in which female gametophytes form.

Answer 13

carpels

Question 14

At the top of the carpel is the stigma where pollen must land in order for fertilization to happen. INFO Question

Question 15

imperfect flowers have stamens or carpels,

Answer 15

but not both

Question 16

if self fertilization occurs,

Answer 16

higher rates of inbreeding occurs an the effects.

Question 17

-dichogamy

Answer 17

the ripening of the stamens and pistils of a flower at different times, so that self-fertilization is prevented.

Question 18

Protandry flowers

Answer 18

male phase comes before the female phase.

Question 19

-Germination

Answer 19

Once the seed coat splits, water and oxygen move more easily into the seed. Metabolism switches into high gear as cells divide and elongate resulting in seedling growth.

Question 20

As development proceeds, cells at different sites become specialized in prescribed ways as a particular set of genes is expressed in each type of cell, a process known as

Answer 20

differentiation

Question 21

The greater the distance between the stigma and anthers, there is fewer fertilized eggs and more offspring homozygosity, info question

Question 23

Perfect flowers may have more offspring, but less genetic diversity. info question

Question 24

The difference is a pollen doner vs pollen deposited. This will decrease self fertilization by changing the morphology. info question

Question 25

Diplostigmaty

Answer 25

Mutations that contain the apical stigma and the basal stigma.

Question 25

Outcrossing

Answer 25

when alleles are uncommon/resistance. When allele resistance is more than inbreeding occurs.

Question 26

Synergids

Answer 26

signals the eggs that there is a pollen tube opening

Question 27

in small populations we often see evolution of self comparability -in large populations we often see evolution of ____

Answer 27

less compatibility

Question 28

-the pericarp consist of

Answer 28

-exocarp -mesocarp -endocarp

Question 29

epigeal germination

Answer 29

-growth occurs in the hypocotyl, and very little growth in the epicotyl. -do better in nutrient rich soils

Question 29

hypogemination

Answer 29

-instead the epicotyl does more of the growth. -slower growth -can grow in poor nutrient environments/soils