Week 5-motor Pathways

Question 1

Name 2 types of descending tracts

Answer 1

Pyramidal tract
Extrapyramidal tract

Question 2

List what makes up the pyramidal tract

Answer 2

Corticospinal tract (Lateral & Anterio

Question 3

List extrapyramidal tracts

Answer 3

Rubrospinal

Reticulospinal

Vestibulospinal

Tectospinal

Olivospinal

Question 4

Function of descending tracts

Answer 4

Carry motor info in efferent nerves
From upper motor neurons to lower motor neurons

Question 5

Define upper motor neurons

Answer 5

originate in the Cerebral Cortex and go to brain stemor spinal cord

Question 6

Define lower motor neurons

Answer 6

Originate in spinal cord and innervated muscles and glands

Question 7

Function of pyramidal

Answer 7

Travel through pyramids of medulla oblongata

Originate in cerebral cortex

Carry’s signa;s to muscles

Responsible for voluntary muscle control/ conscious control

Question 8

Explain extra pyramidal

Answer 8

Extra Pyramidal• Do not pass through the Pyramids of the Medulla• Originate in the brainstem• Carries motor fibres to spinal cord• Responsible for involuntary control and modulation (tone andbalance) unconscious, reflexive or responsive control

Question 9

what does the reflex arc consit of

Answer 9

Receptor organ* Afferent neuron* Efferent neuron* Effector organ

Question 10

list key points of medulla oblongata

Answer 10

Pyramids
.* Pyramid decussation
* Olivary n
.* Dorsal Columns

Question 11

list key points of pons

Answer 11

Reticular formation.
* Cerebellar peduncles
.* Pontocerebellar fibres

Question 12

list key points of midbrain

Answer 12

Cerebral Aqueduct.
* Decussation of sup.
cerebellarpeduncle
.* Substantia Negra.
* Crus Cerebri.
* Colliculi

Question 13

descrbe reticular formation

Answer 13

This is the neuronal core of the brain stem.

• Major nuclei found in lateral zone (mainly sensory function) and medialzone (mainly motor function).
• RF respiratory and cardiovascular neurons are found in the medulla.* ARAS (Ascending Reticular Activating System).

Question 14

list rf affrerent connections

Answer 14

Olfactory
* Cortex
* Globus Pallidus
* Hypothalamus
* Limbic formation
* Brain stem
* Spinal cord