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Neuroanatomy- Term 2 > Week 7- Concussion > Flashcards

Week 7- Concussion Flashcards

1
Q

What can concussion effect

A

Cognitive
Physical
Emotional
Sleep

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2
Q

What happens to injured neurons

A

They leak chemicals affecting their function

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3
Q

What is the neocortex

A

Outer portion of cerebral hemispheres

6 layer outer cortex where higher order functions happen

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4
Q

Describe motor cortex structure

A

sparse granule cell layers and extensive pyramidalcell layers reflecting extensive output

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5
Q

Describe sensory cortex structure

A

large granule cell layers (granularcortex) for receiving extensive input

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6
Q

Name 3 functional areas

A

Motorareas- controls voluntary movement

Sensory areas- conscious awareness of sensation

Association- integrates/associates with motor and sensory cortex

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7
Q

Which sulcus is frontal lobe near

A

• Extends in front of the centralsulcus and above the lateralsulcus

Precentral gyrus

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8
Q

Name vertabral artery

A

Anterior and posterior spinal branches

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9
Q

name 3 types of functional areas

A

motor, sensory and association

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10
Q

what is a motor area

A

controls voluntarymovement

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11
Q

what is a sensory area

A

consciousawareness of sensation

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12
Q

what is a association area

A

integrates or associates with motor and sensory cortex

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13
Q

list primary motor area of frontal lobe

A

Premotor area* Motor speech area of Broca* Frontal eye field* Prefrontal area

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14
Q

what is the Contralateral motor control in regards to the primary motor area

A

areas on the left side of the body that dont work are affected due to the right side of the brain

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15
Q

what is the inverted motor homunculus diagram in regards to the primary motor area

A

a diagram displaying what primary motor area affects i.e. face

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16
Q

where is the primary motor area loctaed. give its clinical correlation

A

on the precentral gyrus

lesions in onehemisphere- spastic paralysis of theopposite half of the body

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17
Q

function of preomotor area and its clinical correlation

A

Programmes the activity ofprimary motor area

difficultyin performing skilledmovements

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17
Q

where is premotor area located

A

anteriro to primary motor area

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17
Q

motor speech area of broca location

A

Present in the dominanthemisphere

18
Q

frontal eye field location

A

superior to motor speech of broca and anterior to preomotor area

Connected to visual cortex byassociation fibres (involuntary)

18
Q

motor speech of broca clinical corelation

A

expressive/motor aphasia

inability to speak or write

18
Q

frontal eye field function and clinical correlation

A

Conjugate eye movements to oppositeside (voluntary)

Clinical correlate: inability to moveeyes to the opposite side

19
Q

prefrontal (most anterior) area function and clinical correlation

A

Personality, behavior, judgement

  • Clinical correlate: Changes inpersonality and inappropriatesocial behavior
20
Q

parietal lobe location

A

Postcentral gyrus*
Primary sensory area*
Sensory speech area of Wernicke

21
primary sensory area function and clinical correlation
Concerned with contralateralsensations* Clinical correlate: contralateralloss of sensation
22
Sensory speech area of Wernicke function and clinical correlation
Receives input from somatic, auditory,visual areas * Projected to Broca’s area * Clinical correlate: * Receptive sensory aphasia – inability tounderstand spoken & written word * If both motor + sensory speech area isaffected= global aphasia
23
name functional areas in temporal lobe
Temporal gyrus (of Heschl) inferior tolateral sulcus*
24
name Temporal gyrus (of Heschl) Clinical correlation
deafness
25
list occipital lobe functional areas
Primary visual cortex * Visual association areas Taste area (Area 43)-Inferior part of parietal lobe Vestibular area-Near postcentral gyrus, area concerned with sensation of face * Olfactory area (Area 28)* uncus
26
name blood supply of brain
Internal carotid artery vertebral artery
27
describe blood supply base of brain
Paired internal carotid and vertebralarteries CIRCLE OF WILLIS * Anteriorly, anterior communicating andanterior cerebral arteries * Posteriorly, basilar artery dividing intotwo posterior cerebral arteries * Laterally, by posterior communicatingartery connecting ICA with PCA
28
what is clinical aspect of blood supply to base of the brain
Berry aneurysm, ischemia
29
Describe blood supply of cerebrum
Three pairs of cerebral arteries * Anterior cerebral artery, branchof internal carotid artery * Middle cerebral artery, branch ofinternal carotid artery * Posterior cerebral artery, branchof basilar artery
30
name arterial supply of superolateral surface
Two-thirds by middle cerebral artery
31
name arterial supply of medial surface
Anterior two-thirds by anteriorcerebral artery
32
name arterial supply of inferior surface
Most of the inferior surface byposterior cerebral artery (excepttemporal pole)
33
describe venous drainage of brain
Superficial cerebral veins * Deep cerebral veins * They all finally drain into the dural venous sinuses
34
describe intracranial hemmorrhage
Subdural- tearing of superior cerebral veins* Subarachnoid – rupture of congenital berry aneurysms* Intracerebral – rupture of lenticulostriate artery (Charcot’s) of MCA
35
list types of intracranial hemorrhage
subdural subarachnoid intracerebral
36
name branches of vrteral artery
anterior and posterior spinal branches
37
describe blood supply of dpinal cord
Main blood supply from the ANTERIOR SPINAL ARTERY andPOSTERIOR SPINAL ARTERY * Both branches of the vertebral artery system * Blood flow is supplemented throughout the spinal cord by radiculararteries deriving from the aorta * These create major anastomoses with the anterior and posteriorspinal arteries to supplement blood flow
38
Name parts of brain stem from superior to inferior
Midbrain Pons Medulla
39
Which segment of the brain stem has the pyramids
Medulla
40
Which segment of the brain has superior and inferior coliculi
Midbrain
41
name order of superiority in brain stem
TOP midbrain (Mamillary body) Pons (middles cerebellar peduncle) Medulla (olive, pyramid, decusattion of pyramids) BOTTOM
42
What is superior and inferior to the brain stem
S= Thalmsu I= Spinal cord

Neuroanatomy- Term 2 (11 decks)

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