Week 8: Respiratory

Question 1

What does the diaphragm do during inspiration?

Answer 1

Diaphragm contracts and flattens, descends in the chest wall, expands the abdominal wall.

Question 2

What does the diaphragm do during expiration?

Answer 2

Diaphragm relaxes, chest wall and lungs recoil (contract).

Question 3

Cough with cardiac happens with:

Answer 3

Left-sided heart failure

Question 4

Acute cough time frame:

Answer 4

Less than 3 weeks

Question 5

Duration of subacute cough:

Answer 5

3-8 weeks

Question 6

Duration of chronic cough:

Answer 6

Greater than 8 weeks

Question 7

Acute cough causes:

Answer 7

Viral URI, acute bronchitis, foreign body, smoking, ACE-I

Question 8

Causes of subacute cough:

Answer 8

Post infectious, pertussis, reflux, bacterial sinusitis, asthma

Question 9

Causes of chronic cough:

Answer 9

PND, asthma, GERD, chronic bronchitis, bronchiestasis

Question 10

Type of mucus that is translucent, white, grey

Answer 10

Mucoid

Question 11

Mucoid mucus is typically:

Answer 11

Viral, CF

Question 12

Type of mucus that is yellow, green:

Answer 12

Purulent

Question 13

Purulent mucus is typically:

Answer 13

Bacterial PNA

Question 14

Foul smelling mucus is typically related to:

Answer 14

Lung abscess

Question 15

Thick/tenacious mucus is related to:

Answer 15

CF

Question 16

Hemoptysis can occur with:

Answer 16

Bronchitis, malignancy, CF

Question 17

Normal breath sounds:

Answer 17

Vesicular, bronchovesicular, bronchial, tracheal

Question 18

Adventitious breath sounds:

Answer 18

Crackles (rales), wheezes, rhonchi

Question 19

Silent chest indicative of:

Answer 19

Asthma

Question 20

Blood originating from the ___ is usually darker than blood from the respiratory tract and may be mixed with food particles.

Answer 20

Stomach

Question 21

Asymmetry with chest expansion is indicative:

Answer 21

Of pleural effusion

Question 22

This technique is imprecise and detects asymmetry of the chest also detects transmitted vibrations

Answer 22

Tactile fremitus

Question 23

Normal percussion sounds for lungs:

Answer 23

Resonant

Question 24

Breath sounds are usually louder in the:

Answer 24

Lower posterior lung fields

Question 25

Breath sounds may be decreased when air flow is decreased as in: ____ or when transmission of sound is poor as in:______

Answer 25

Obstructive Lung disease prevention respiratory muscle weakness Pleural effusion, pneumothorax, or COPD

Question 26

With this exam technique ask the patient to say “ee”. You will normally hear a muffled long E sound.

Answer 26

Egophony

Question 27

With this exam technique, ask the patient to say 99. Normally the sounds transmitted through the chest wall are muffled and in distinct. Louder voice sounds are called this:

Answer 27

Bronchophony

Question 28

An e to a change indicated egophany is present and hearing a 99 clearly indicates bronchophony is present. Both of this is seen in:

Answer 28

Lobar consolidation from pneumonia

Question 29

With this exam technique, ask the patient to whisper 99 or 1-2-3. The whispered voice is normally heard faintly and indistinctly, if at all.

Answer 29

Whispered pectoriloquy

Question 30

For a FET listen over the trachea and ask the patient to take a deep breathe in and out as quickly as possible with mouth open. If patient is over 60 and the FET is greater than 9 seconds they are four times more likely to have:

Answer 30

COPD

Question 31

What is Hoover’s sign in peds?

Answer 31

Seesaw breathing

Question 32

Prolonged inspiration in peds is indicative of:

Answer 32

Croup

Question 33

Prolonged expiration in peds is indicative of:

Answer 33

Asthma

Question 34

What does PQRST stand for:

Answer 34

Promoting, preventing, precipitating, palliative factors Quality/quantity Region or radiation Severity, setting, simultaneous symptoms, similar illnesses in the past Temporal factors

Question 35

Lower pitched, booming sound with percussion:

Answer 35

Hyperresonance (too much air)

Question 36

High pitches musical sounds with percussion:

Answer 36

Tympany (intestines)

Question 37

These breath sounds are soft, low pitched, heard throughout inspiration and no pause into expiration( inspiration longer), heard over most of both lungs.

Answer 37

Vesicular

Question 38

These breath sounds are with inspiratory and expiratory separates by silent intervals (equal).

Answer 38

Bronchovesicular

Question 39

These breath sounds are louder and higher in pitch, silence between inspiratory and expiratory sounds (expiratory longer), over manubrium.

Answer 39

Bronchial

Question 40

Normal lung sounds are ___ with percussion and ___ with auscultation.

Answer 40

Resonant Vesicular

Question 41

Consolidation lung sounds are ___ with percussion and ___ with auscultation.

Answer 41

Dull Bronchial

Question 42

Pneumothorax lung sounds are ___ with percussion and ___ with auscultation.

Answer 42

Hyperresonant Diminished

Question 43

Pleural effusion lung sounds are ___ with percussion and ___ with auscultation.

Answer 43

Dull Diminished

Question 44

Abnormal respiratory sound heard more during inspiration and characterized by discrete discontinuous sounds, each lasting just a few milliseconds.

Answer 44

Crackles (rales)

Question 45

Deeper more rumbling, more pronounced during expiration, more likely to be prolonged and continuous and less discrete than crackles.

Answer 45

Rhonchi

Question 46

Are rhonchi or crackles cleared with coughing?

Answer 46

Rhonchi

Question 47

A continuous, high pitched, musical sound (almost a whistle) heard during inspiration or expiration.

Answer 47

Wheezes