Week 9 - Content Flashcards
(15 cards)
What are the three thinking systems?
Fast thinking, slow thinking and AI
What is fast thinking?
Evolutionary pressure quick to make decisions, make decisions based on limited information, relies on shortcuts, activated by emotional stimuli biases.
What is slow thinking?
Slow decision relying in accurate information, precise, resource demanding, inhibited by emotional stimuli/distractors
When would it be better to use fast thinking?
Eg/ you are in a Savannah and you see something far away, it looks like it could be a cheetah.
- when you are in danger; consequence is much more costly then performing the action to escape to consequence.
What are some challenges to slow thinking?
Effort, attention/distractors, fatigue, alcohol, stress
How is critical thinking impacted by fatigue and distractors?
Impulsive, impatient, in ‘autopilot’ mode, succumb to biases, lapse in judgement, don’t think properly.
How does slow thinking interact with our default thinking?
Default thinking relies on shortcuts, assumptions or biases, slow thinking often there to ‘check’ if further consideration needed
What makes a fact?
Verifiable: objectively measure able/defineable, precisely defined
If: supported by objective and relieable evidence, majourity of evidence supports claim, majourity of experts in field support the claim
What makes an opinion not a fact?
Not measureable/ verifiable, vaguely defined, conflicting evidence and expert opinions, evidence based on individual perception, evidence based on memories.
Why does context matter in relation to our senses?
The same stimulus can be perceived in different ways by our senses in different contexts.
Why are our memories not reliable as evidence?
Memories can be impacted by new information after the event.
What is an opinion?
Individual preference, based on knowledge, somewhat flexible with new evidence
What is a belief?
Based on values, culture (or biases), often less flexible.
What is the process of deductive reasoning?
Idea, observations, conclusion.
What is the process of inductive reasoning?
Observations, analysis, theory.
