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Med Term 2 (AC) > Week Nine: Null And Void > Flashcards

Week Nine: Null And Void Flashcards

(82 cards)

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0
Q

What is the major waste product of protein metabolism

A

Urea

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1
Q

What is the main responsibility for the urinary system

A

Removal of wastes from the body

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2
Q

Combining forms for urine/urinary organs

A

Urin/o and ur/o

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3
Q

Urinary organs maintain proper balance of…

A

Water
Electrolytes
Acids in body fluids

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4
Q

Where is urine formed

A

Kidneys

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5
Q

Explain the flow of urine starting at the kidneys

A

Formed in kidneys
Flows trough ureters to urinary bladder
Stored in urinary bladder
Flows through the urethra and outside the body

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6
Q

Combining forms for kidney

A

Ren/o and nephr/o

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7
Q

Kidneys are located in what cavity

A

Retroperitoneal

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8
Q

Blood flows intro each kidney through the…

A

Renal artery

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9
Q

Blood leaves the kidney via the…

A

Renal vein

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10
Q

What is the outer layer of the kidney

A

Cortex

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11
Q

Where is the majority of nephrons located

A

Renal cortex

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12
Q

What is the inner layer of the kidneys called

A

Medulla

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13
Q

The medulla contains most of the…

A

Collecting tubules

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14
Q

What is a nephron

A

Functional unit of kidney

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15
Q

Where does filtration take place in a nephron

A

In the glomerulus

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16
Q

Where does reabsorption take place in a nephron

A

Proximal convoluted tubule
Loop of henle
Collecting tubule

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17
Q

Where does secretion take place in a nephron

A

Distal convoluted tubule

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18
Q

Combining form for glomerulus

A

Glomerul/o

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19
Q

What is the cluster of capillaries surrounded by bowmans capsule called

A

Glomerulus

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20
Q

What does glomerul/o mean

A

Wind into a ball

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21
Q

Plural form of glomerulus

A

Glomeruli

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22
Q

Combining form for renal pelvis

A

Pyel/o

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23
Q

What is the area of the kidney where the nephrons collect before entering ureters

A

Renal pelvis

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24
What is the calyce
Cup that collects urine from the kidney
25
Singular form of calyces
Calyx
26
What is the point of attachment of renal blood vessels, nerves, and ureter
Hilus
27
Cattle have what type of kidneys
Lobulated
28
Right kidney of horses is _____ shaped
Heart
29
Combining form for ureters
Ureter/o
30
What carries urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder
Ureter
31
The ureters enter the urinary bladder at the...
Trigone
32
Combining form for urinary bladder
Cyst/o
33
What is the singular, hollow, muscular organ that holds urine called
Urinary bladder
34
Flow out of the urinary bladder to the urethra is controlled by...
Sphincters
35
Combining form for urethra
Urethr/o
36
What is the tube extending from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body called
Urethra
37
What is the external opening of the urethra
Urethral meatus
38
What does meat/o mean
Opening
39
What is the process of urine production called
Uropoiesis
40
What is the combining form for formation
Poiesis
41
What does turbid mean
Cloudy
42
What is the pH of urine dependent on
Species and diet
43
What is herbivores urine pH like?
Basic urine/higher pH
44
What are carnivores urine pH like?
Acidic urine/lower pH
45
Explain erythropoietin (EPO)
Produced by kidney; stimulates red blood cell production
46
Explain anti diuretic hormone (ADH)
Released by posterior pituitary | Tells kidney to reabsorb more water
47
Explain aldosterone
Secreted by the adrenal cortex | Tells kidney to reabsorb sodium
48
What is a urinalysis (UA)
Tests the physical and chemical properties of a urine sample | Like chemistry, turbidity, color, odor, cellular constituents
49
When are casts found in urine
Renal disease or another abnormality
50
What is incontinence
Cannot control skeletal sphincter
51
What happens during renal failure
Nephrons die
52
What is a urinary tract infection (UTI)
Bacteria/yeast/fungi is found in urinary system
53
What is urolith
Stone in urinary bladder
54
What is a cystolith
Stone in urinary bladder
55
What is a cystocentesis
Puncture to remove fluid from bladder
56
What is dialysis
Mechanical filtration in kidneys | Remove blood waste products
57
What is lithotripsy
Break down stones so we can get them out
58
What is urethrostomy | Rainy likes this one
Make an alternate hole (bigger hole) so urine can come out (usually on males)
59
What is the hormone produced by the kidney that stimulates red blood cell production in bone marrow
Erythropoietin
60
What is the hormone released by the posterior pituitary gland that suppresses ironed formation by reabsorbing more water
Antidiuretic (ADH)
61
What is the hormone secretes by the adrenal cortex that regulates electrolyte balance via the reabsorbtion of sodium
Aldosterone
62
Presence of the major blood protein in urine
Albuminuria
63
Complete suppression of urine production
Anuria
64
Presence of bacteria in urine
Bacteriuria
65
Urine with naturally produced angular solid of definitive form (crystals)
Crystalluria
66
Difficult or painful urination
Dysuria
67
Glucose in urine
Glucosuria Or Glycosuria
68
Blood in urine
Hematuria
69
Presence of ketone in urine
Ketonuria
70
Excessive urination at night
Nocturia
71
Scant or little urine
Oliguria
72
Frequent urination
Pollakiuria
73
Excessive urination
Polyuria
74
Presence of proteins in urine
Proteinuria
75
Pus in urine
Pyuria
76
Slow or painful urination
Stranguria
77
What is a scout film
Plain X ray made without the use of contrast material
78
Suffix meaning presence of stones or calculi
-lithiasis
79
Suffix meaning distinction or stretching
-ectasis
80
What is a kidney stone or renal calculus called
Nephrolith
81
What is -ptosis
Drooping or dropping down

Med Term 2 (AC) (10 decks)

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