Week Three - Eating & Exercise Flashcards
Diet has what effects on our health?
Both direct and indirect effects
Diet impacts and plays a role in both illness what?
onset and treatment
What are eating disorders associated with?
physical problems such as heart irregularities, heart attacks, stunted growth etc
Statistic on number of people who do not get enough to eat?
821 (1 in 9) million people
The poor diets of children in developing countries results in?
physical and cognitive problems, and poor resistance to illness
Do Australians meet the minimum serves of the 5 food groups?
less than 4% meet (vegetables)
only 1 in 10 meet dairy
1 in 7 meet meats
How many people are overweight/obese in Aus?
2 in 3 (63.4%)
What are the 3 key models of eating behaviour
cognition models
the developmental model
the weight concern model
Explain the cognitive model of eating behaviour
Focuses on an individual’s cognitions and has explored the extent to which cognitions explain and predict behaviour
What specific cognitions have been used to predict intentions to consume food?
Behavioural intentions: not good predictor
past behaviour and habit: important predictor
perceived behavioural control: good predictor
What is the role of distraction in the CM of eating?
When we are distracted we are disconnecting our brains from the signals that mediate satiety
What is the role of memory in the CM of eating?
Reminding of meals we just ate makes the memories more vivid and suppresses food intake
Explain the developmental model of eating
Highlights the importance of learning and experience and focuses on the development of food preferences in childhood.
The development of food preferences can be understood in terms of what 3 factors?
exposure
social learning
associative learning
The fear and avoidance of novel food is called?
neophobia
Explain exposure in relation to eating
Mere exposure to novel food can change children’s preferences (they experience neophobia early in life and come to accept)
Explain social learning in relation to eating
There is a positive association. between parents and children’s diets
Explain associative learning in relation to eating
the impact of contingent factors on behaviour i.e., foods paired with specific times, people etc can change what and when people eat
food acceptance increases if the food is presented with a reward
Explain the Weight Concern model of eating
Food can change the bodys weight and shape which is also associated with self-perception and attractiveness/success
many people show weight concern in the form of body dissatisfaction
Explain the influence of the media on body dissatisfaction
BD is often a response to representations of thin women in the media.
The social pressure influences eating behaviour (dieting)
What are the physical benefits of exercise?
increases longevity, 31% reduction in mortality, increases life expectancy regardless of weight
What are the benefits of exercise on physiology?
exercise enhances the function o the circulatory system, respiratory system and skeletal function
can prevent many physical illnesses particularly chronic illness
How are the bodies defence systems affected by exercise? What is the J shaped curve?
immune responses undergo acute and chronic changes during exercise and it improves the immune response.
It has a J shaped curve in regard to infection risk (higher in overtraining)
- S, ME, IE
Explain the influence of exercise on subjective health status (individual perception of health)
People who engage in PA rated their health status higher than those who didn’t suggesting that exercise influences self-perceptions of health status
