wk 9 SP

Question 1

frequency (hertz) alters which perceptual phenomenon

Answer 1

Pitch

Question 2

Amplitude (or intensity) of sound alters which perceptual phenomenon

Answer 2

Loudness (decibels)

Question 3

Complexity of sound alters which perceptual phenomenon

Answer 3

Timbre ( quality of sound)

Question 4

Hertz

Answer 4

the number of waves
per second

Question 5

• High frequency – ________ wavelength

Answer 5

shorter

Question 6

• Typical human hearing range

Answer 6

20 - 20,000 Hz

Question 7

Infrasound = _____ frequency

Ultrasound = _______ frequency

Answer 7

low

high

Question 8

Fundamental
frequency
is

Answer 8

is the wavelength of the
longest component
This determines the
pitch of the sound

Question 9

The harmonics
determine the

Answer 9

timbre,
the sound quality

Question 10

name of the three ossicles of the ear

Answer 10

Malleus (attached to eardrum)
Incus
Stapes (connected to oval window)

Question 11

How do hair cells in ear operate

Answer 11

change their firing rate when they are bent.(bending opens ion channels) are vulnerable to excessive noise

Question 12

hair cells are sensitive to ________ _____meters of movement

Answer 12

10 pico

Question 13

Hair cells are _____, meaning respond preferentially to a particular frequency

Answer 13

Tonotopic

Question 14

Tonotopic cortical organisation

Answer 14

Tonotopic organisation is maintained as far as primary
auditory cortex in the temporal lobe
* Neurones next to one another respond to neighbouring
frequencies

Question 15

Auditory Transduction process

+ diff energy changes

Answer 15

Air pressure changes (kinetic)
* Vibration of eardrum -> middle ear -> oval
window (mechanical)
* Cochlear fluid flows (kinetic)
* Hair cells bend (mechanical)
* Auditory nerve fires (neural)

Question 16

Pitch depends on frequency
* Loudness depends on amplitude
BUT

Answer 16

they are not independent

more intense low frequency sounds are perceived as lower pitch

perception of loudness affected by frequency

Question 17

space perception (sound)

binaural space perception

Answer 17

interaural intensity differences as head gets in the way of one ear more

• Interaural time differences – up to 0.07 seconds

Question 18

auditory scene analysis

Grouped into streams by proximity
(closeness) in

Answer 18

space
- time
- frequency