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Word List 03 Flashcards

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1
Q

conform

  • the pressure on schoolchildren to conform
  • Students can be expelled for refusing to conform to school rules.
  • products which conform to international safety standards

(GRE: It can be frustrating to read Margaret Fuller’s travel writing, as she produced accounts of her travel that conformed to conventions of bourgeois travel narrative, often capitulating to the most well-worn clichés of the genre at precisely the moments when she sought most energetically to cast them off in favor of some new, more passionate mode of discernment. )

(GRE: Even though his opponent is currently trying to portray him as a wild eyed radical, voters will likely reject this charge because it does not (conform to/ square with) his moderate political record)

A

conform

v. to behave in the way that most other people in your group or society behave
همنوایی کردن، مطابقت کردن وفق دادن، پیروی کردن
v. to obey a law, rule etc

conform to/with

(خواندن سفرنامه مارگارت فولر می‌تواند ناامیدکننده باشد، زیرا او گزارش‌هایی از سفر خود تهیه کرد که با قراردادهای روایت سفر بورژوازی مطابقت داشت و اغلب تسلیم کلیشه‌های فرسوده این ژانر دقیقاً در لحظاتی بود که با انرژی بیشتر به دنبال بازیگری بود. آنها را به نفع برخی شیوه های تشخیص جدید و پرشورتر کنار می گذارند. )

(حتی اگر رقیب او در حال حاضر سعی دارد او را به عنوان یک رادیکال وحشی نشان دهد، رأی دهندگان احتمالاً این اتهام را رد خواهند کرد زیرا با سابقه سیاسی معتدل او مطابقت ندارد. )

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2
Q

solicitous

  • He made a solicitous enquiry after her health.
A

solicitous

adj. very concerned about someone’s safety, health, or comfort

مشتاق، آرزومند، مایل نگران، دلواپس

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3
Q

insult

  • She made several insults about my appearance.
  • First he drank all my wine and then he insulted all my friends.
A

insult

n. an offensive remark or action
توهین کردن به، بی احترامی کردن به، خوار کردن، فحش دادن، بالیدن، توهین
v. to say or do something to someone that is rude or offensive

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4
Q

acrimony

  • The acrimony of the dispute has shocked a lot of people.
  • The decision was reached without acrimony or controversy.

(GRE: It is rare for a prominent member of the company to leave without some (acrimony/bitterness). Smith, who resigned with civility, is an exception.)

A

acrimony

n. anger, argument, and bad feeling

تندی، شدت، رنجش

(به ندرت پیش می‌آید که یکی از اعضای برجسته شرکت بدون تنبیه آن را ترک کند. اسمیت که با متانت استعفا داد یک استثناست. )

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5
Q

misconception

  • There is a popular misconception that too much exercise is bad for you.
  • Refugees have the misconception that life is great over here.
  • many people’s misconceptions about the blind and deaf

(GRE: Applications of the Endangered Species Act (ESA) have fared best in contexts in which habitat condition is closely linked to species condition and the cause of habitat degradation is easily identified. The achievements of the ESA in those contexts, however, have fostered the misconception that other uses of the act can duplicate that record even where such favorable conditions do not pertain.)

A

misconception

n. an idea which is wrong or untrue, but which people believe because they do not understand the subject properly SYN fallacy
تصور غلط
popular/common misconception

misconception that

misconception about

کاربردهای قانون گونه‌های در خطر انقراض (ESA) در زمینه‌هایی که وضعیت زیستگاه ارتباط نزدیکی با وضعیت گونه‌ها دارد و علت تخریب زیستگاه به راحتی شناسایی می‌شود، بهترین عملکرد را داشته است. با این حال، دستاوردهای ESA در آن زمینه ها، این تصور غلط را تقویت کرده است که استفاده های دیگر از این عمل می تواند آن سابقه را تکرار کند، حتی در جایی که چنین شرایط مطلوبی وجود ندارد.

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6
Q

mundane

  • Initially, the work was pretty mundane.
  • The mundane task of setting the table can be fun on holidays.

(GRE: The space travels described in science fiction stories always used to be epic adventures, in comparison to which current journals in space seem quite mundane.)

(With the grand ambition of sending unbreakable coded messages, some physicists are using exotic tools—quantum mechanics and streams of individual photons—to shut out prying eyes. But a wire and a few resistors may convey a message as securely, according to a physicist who claims to have devised a simple and uncrackable scheme. The idea shows that more mundane methods might compete with budding quantum cryptography)

A

mundane

adj. ordinary and not interesting or exciting SYN boring
این جهانی، دنیوی، خاکی
adj. concerned with ordinary daily life rather than religious matters SYN worldly

سفرهای فضایی شرح داده شده در داستان های علمی تخیلی همیشه ماجراجویی های حماسی بوده است، در مقایسه با آن مجلات فعلی در فضا کاملاً پیش پا افتاده به نظر می رسند.

با جاه طلبی بزرگ ارسال پیام های رمزگذاری شده نشکن، برخی از فیزیکدانان از ابزارهای عجیب و غریب - مکانیک کوانتومی و جریان های فوتون های منفرد - استفاده می کنند تا چشمان کنجکاو را ببندند. اما به گفته فیزیکدانی که ادعا می کند طرحی ساده و غیرقابل شکست را ابداع کرده است، ممکن است یک سیم و چند مقاومت پیامی را به همان اندازه ایمن منتقل کنند. این ایده نشان می‌دهد که روش‌های پیش پا افتاده‌تر ممکن است با رمزنگاری کوانتومی نوپا رقابت کنند

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7
Q

ambiguous

  • The language in the Minister’s statement is highly ambiguous.
  • His role in the affair is ambiguous.
A

ambiguous

adj. something that is ambiguous is unclear, confusing, or not certain, especially because it can be understood in more than one way SYN equivocal OPP unambiguous

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8
Q

allure

  • the allure of foreign travel
  • At 50, she had lost none of her sexual allure.
A

allure

n. the quality of being attractive, interesting, or exciting:
به طمع انداختن، تطمیع کردن، شیفتن
v. to entice by charm or attraction

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9
Q

cagey

  • He was very cagey about what happened at the meeting.
A

cagey

adj. wary; careful
حیله گر زیرک، کمرو، محطاط
adj. crafty; shrewd

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10
Q

heresy

  • He was burned at the stake for heresy in the 15th century.
  • He was executed for heresy.
A

heresy

n. a belief that disagrees with the official principles of a particular religion
کفر، ارتداد، الحاد، بدعتکاری فرقه، مسلک خاص

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11
Q

parsimony

  • The gap between government parsimony and the needs of sport is filled by commercial sponsorship.
  • Her stepfather’s parsimony was well known.
A

parsimony

خست، امساک، صرفه جویی، کم خرجی، خسیسی
n. extreme unwillingness to spend money SYN stingy

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12
Q

cunning

  • a cunning opponent
  • We need to show some cunning if we want to defeat the enemy.
A

cunning

adj. getting what is wanted in a clever and often deceptive way OPP naive
زیرک، مکار، حیله باز، ماهر زیرکی، حیله گری
adj. dexterous or crafty in the use of special resources

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13
Q

highlight

  • The report highlights the need for improved safety.
  • The spelling mistakes in the text had been highlighted in green.
A

highlight

v. to make or try to make people notice or be aware of SYN accentuate

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14
Q

judicious

  • We should make judicious use of the resources available to us.
  • a judicious choice
A

judicious

adj. done in a sensible and careful way SYN wise
دارای قوه قضاوت سلیم

adj. having or showing reason and good judgment in making decisions

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15
Q

disguise

  • He disguised himself by wearing a false beard.
  • Maybe you could disguise yourself as a waiter and sneak in there.
A

disguise

v. to give a new appearance to a person or thing, especially in order to hide its true form
تغییر قیافه دادن، جامه مبدل پوشیدن، نهان داشتن، پنهان کردن، لباس مبدل، تغییر قیافه
v. to hide an opinion, a feeling, etc.

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16
Q

far-fetched

  • a far-fetched idea/story
  • All this may sound a bit far-fetched, but companies are already developing ‘intelligent’ homes.
A

far-fetched

adj. extremely unlikely to be true or to happen
بعید، دور و دراز

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17
Q

eclipse

  • The economy had eclipsed the environment as an election issue.
  • He was eclipsed by his more famous sister.
  • Many people expected the growth of television to mean the eclipse of radio.
    بسیاری از مردم انتظار داشتند که رشد تلویزیون به معنای کسوف رادیو باشد.
A

eclipse

n. an occasion when the Sun or the Moon cannot be seen, because the Earth is passing directly between the Moon and the Sun, or because the Moon is passing directly between the Earth and the Sun
گرفتگی، گرفت، کسوف یا خسوف، تحت الشعاع قراردادن
v. to make (something) less important or popular

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18
Q

impulsive

  • She’s an impulsive shopper and often buys things she doesn’t need.
  • Rosa was impulsive and sometimes regretted things she’d done.
A

impulsive

adj. acting or done suddenly without any planning or consideration of the results
کسیکه از روی انگیزه آنی و بدون فکر قبلی عمل می کند

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19
Q

exculpate

  • The pilot of the aircraft will surely be exculpated when all the facts are known.
A

exculpate

v. to prove that someone is not guilty of something

تبرئه کردن، مبراکردن روسفیدکردن، معذورداشتن

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20
Q

overblown

  • He’s not really a scientist; he’s just an overblown technician.
  • His style of conducting is precise and delicate, never overblown.
A

overblown

adj. made to seem greater or more impressive than something really is SYN exaggerated

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21
Q

obfuscate

  • She was criticized for using arguments that obfuscated the main issue.
  • Companies deliberately obfuscate figures in complicated annual reports.
A

obfuscate

v. to deliberately make something unclear or difficult to understand SYN confuse, obscure, mystification
v. to darken

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22
Q

droll

  • a droll remark/expression/person
A

droll

adj. humorous, especially in an unusual way:
خنده آور، مضحک، مسخره آمیز، لودگی کردن

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23
Q

inconclusive

  • The evidence is inconclusive, and no arrest is warranted.
  • The evidence is inconclusive.
  • The medical tests were inconclusive, and will need to be repeated.
A

inconclusive

adj. not leading to a clear decision or result OPP conclusive
غیر قاطع، مجمل، ناتمام، بی نتیجه، بی پایان

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24
Q

disperse

  • Police used tear gas to disperse the crowd.
  • The clouds dispersed as quickly as they had gathered.
A

disperse

v. if a group of people disperse or are dispersed, they go away in different directions
پراکنده کردن، متفرق ساختن متفرق کردن
v. if something disperses or is dispersed, it spreads in different directions over a wide area

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25
amplify - Would you care to amplify that remark? - These stories only amplified her fears.
amplify v. to speak or write about (something) in a more complete way وسعت دادن، بزرگ کردن، مفصل کردن، مفصل گفتن یا نوشتن v. to make larger or greater
26
exaggerate - The media exaggerate the risks and benefits of research findings. - I don’t want to exaggerate, but it was a dangerous situation.
exaggerate v. to make (something) larger or greater than norma it’s easy/difficult/impossible to exaggerate something
27
unwitting - The harmful radiation tests were performed long ago on unwitting subjects. - The two women claimed they were the unwitting victims of a drug dealer who planted a large quantity of heroin in their luggage.
unwitting adj. not aware of what is really happening بی خبر، بی اطلاع، بی توجه بی هوش، غیرعمدی adj. not intended or planned; unintentional
28
inclusive - The fully inclusive fare for the trip is £22. - The rent is £120 a week, inclusive of heating.
inclusive adj. an inclusive price or cost includes everything OPP exclusive all-inclusive/fully inclusive شامل، مشمول adj. including a wide variety of people, things etc OPP exclusive
29
diatribe - He launched into a long diatribe against the lack of action in Congress. - a diatribe against contemporary American civilization
diatribe n. a long speech or piece of writing that criticizes someone or something very severely diatribe against OPP encomium, eulogy سخن سخت، انتقاد تلخ، زخم زبان
30
promulgate - The new law was finally promulgated in the autumn of last year. - In 1967 the military government promulgated a new constitution.
promulgate v. to spread an idea or belief to as many people as possible اعلام کردن، انتشار دادن ترویج کردن v. to make a new law come into effect by announcing it officially
31
consilience
consilience n. the linking together of principles from different disciplines especially when forming a comprehensive theory
32
ebullient - My father is a naturally ebullient personality. - He was openly ebullient after the election.
ebullient adj. very happy and excited احساساتی، پر هیجان، با حرارت، گرم، جوشان OPP impassive, restraint
33
bolster - He is making a bold attempt to bolster the territory’s confidence. - his efforts to bolster his career
bolster v. to help someone to feel better and more positive SYN boost v. to improve something SYN boost n. a long firm pillow, usually shaped like a tube بالش، متکا، تیری که بطورعمودی زیرپایه گذارده شود بابالش نگهداشتن، پشتی کردن، تکیه دادن، تقویت کردن
34
dispute - The firm is involved in a legal dispute with a rival company. - The main facts of the book have never been disputed.
dispute n. a serious argument or disagreement dispute with dispute over dispute between ستیزه، چون و چرا، مشاجره، نزاع، جدال کردن، مباحثه کردن، انکار کردن v. to say that something such as a fact or idea is not correct or true v. to argue or disagree with someone dispute (something) with somebody
35
exposition - a lucid exposition of educational theories - the San Francisco exposition
exposition n. a clear and detailed explanation exposition of شرح، بیان، تفسیر، عرضه نمایشگاه n. a large public event at which you show or sell products, art etc
36
coddle - Don’t coddle the child – he’s fine! - The coach does not coddle his players.
coddle v. to treat someone in a way that is too kind and gentle and that protects them from pain or difficulty SYN mollycoddle نیم پزکردن، آهسته جوشاندن یا پختن، با دقت زیاد بکاری دست زدن، نازپرورده کردن نوازش کردن v. to cook food, especially eggs, in water just below boiling temperature
37
nuance - The painter has managed to capture every nuance of the woman's expression. - Linguists explore the nuances of language.
nuance n. a very slight, hardly noticeable difference in manner, colour, meaning etc → subtlety (باریک بینی، مو شکافی، زیرکی، لطافت، تیزبینی و مهارت ) فرق جزئی، اختلاف مختصر نکات دقیق وظریف
38
peculiar - It seems very peculiar that no one noticed Kay had gone. - She’s a very peculiar child. - There was a peculiar smell in the kitchen.
peculiar adj. strange, unfamiliar, or a little surprising عجیب و غریب، دارای اخلاق غریب، ویژه adj. behaving in a strange and slightly crazy way
39
egalitarian - The party's principles are basically egalitarian. - an egalitarian society
egalitarian adj. based on the belief that everyone is equal and should have equal rights طرفدار تساوی انسان، تساوی گرای
40
propitiate - In those days people might sacrifice a goat or sheep to propitiate an angry god. - The radicals in the party were clearly sacked to propitiate the conservative core.
propitiate v. to make someone who has been unfriendly or angry with you feel more friendly by doing something to please them SYN appease OPP arouse, hostility خشم را فرو نشاندن، استمالت کردن، تسکین دادن
41
futile - a futile attempt to save the paintings from the flames - My efforts to go back to sleep proved futile. - It's completely futile trying to reason with him - he just won't listen.
futile adj. actions that are futile are useless because they have no chance of being successful SYN pointless, fruitless OPP worthwhile بیهوده، پوچ، بی فایده، باطل عبث، بی اثر a futile attempt/effort
42
unassuming - He was shy and unassuming and not at all how you expect an actor to be. - a shy and unassuming person - an unassuming little restaurant
unassuming adj. showing no desire to be noticed or given special treatment SYN modest, humble OPP presumptuous adj. quiet and not attracting attention فروتن، بی ادعا، افتاده، بی تصنع، بی تکلف، ساده
43
amicable - Their relationship hasn’t always been amicable. - His manner was perfectly amicable, but I felt uncomfortable. - Few people have amicable divorces.
amicable adj. an amicable agreement, relationship etc is one in which people feel friendly towards each other and do not want to quarrel amicable settlement/agreement موافق، دوست، دوستانه
44
unfounded - Unfounded rumours began circulating that Ian and Susan were having an affair. - Sadly, my optimism proved unfounded. - Our fears about the weather proved totally unfounded.
unfounded adj. unfounded statements, feelings, opinions etc are wrong because they are not based on facts بی اساس، بی پایه، بی اصل unfounded rumours/claims/allegations etc prove (to be) unfounded
45
plastic - a plastic spoon - I hate that plastic smile of hers.
plastic adj. not real or sincere adj. capable of being made into different shapes قالب پذیر، نرم، تغییر پذیر، قابل تحول و تغییر، پلاستیک مجسمه سازی، ماده پلاستیکی
46
apocalypse - A lot of investors now fear a stock market apocalypse. - The book offers a vision of the future in which there is a great nuclear apocalypse. the Apocalypse: in the Bible, the total destruction and end of the world آخرالزمان
apocalypse n. a situation in which a lot of people die or suffer, and a lot of damage is done n. a great disaster
47
authoritative - She has an authoritative manner that at times is almost arrogant. - He has a commanding presence and an authoritative voice.
authoritative adj. an authoritative book, account etc is respected because the person who wrote it knows a lot about the subject امر، مقتدر، توانا، معتبر adj. behaving or speaking in a confident determined way that makes people respect and obey you
48
clamorous - clamorous, excited voices
clamorous adj. making loud demands or complaints adj. making a lot of noise مصر، خروشان، پرخروش جیغ ودادکن، پرسروصدا
49
placate - These changes did little to placate the unions. - She’s more easily placated than her husband.
placate v. to make someone stop feeling angry SYN appease OPP rile آرام کردن، تسکین دادن، آشتی کردن SYN appease, conciliatory implacable adj سنگ دل، کینه توز
50
far-reaching - The country carried out far-reaching reforms to modernize its economy. - Tourism has had far-reaching effects on the island’s culture.
far-reaching adj. having a great influence or effect far-reaching reforms/proposals/changes far-reaching implications/impact/effects
51
disinterested - A lawyer should provide disinterested advice. - a disinterested observer/judgment - a piece of disinterested advice
disinterested able to judge a situation fairly because you are not concerned with gaining any personal advantage from it SYN objective, impartial, unbiased OPP prejudiced بی علاقه، بی غرض بی طرف، بی طمع، بی غرضانه
52
embolden - Emboldened by drink, he walked over to speak to her. - Emboldened by her smile, he asked her to dance.
embolden v. to make someone brave تشجیع کردن، جسور کردن
53
incompatible - I don’t know why they ever got married. They’re totally incompatible. - Maintaining quality is incompatible with increasing output.
incompatible adj. two people who are incompatible have such different characters, beliefs etc that they cannot have a friendly relationship OPP compatible ناسازگار، ناموافق، ناجور، نامناسب
54
stale - French bread goes stale (=becomes stale) very quickly. - If you stay in the job for more than ten years, you get stale. - They had been working together for over five years and they had both become a little stale.
stale adj. bread or cake that is stale is no longer fresh or good to eat OPP fresh adj. air that is stale is not fresh or pleasant OPP fresh adj. not interesting or exciting anymore adj. if you get stale, you have no new ideas, interest, or energy, because you have been doing the same thing for too long پر زور وکهنه (مثل آبجو)، کهنه، بیات، مانده بوی ناگرفته، مبتذل، بیات کردن، تازگی وطراوت چیزی را از بین بردن، مبتذل کردن
55
lionize - King was lionized by the community.
lionize v. to treat someone as being very important or famous مورد توجه زیاد قرار گرفتن شیر کردن
56
preachy - How do you address social issues without being preachy? - a preachy TV show
preachy adj. sounding as if you want to give someone moral advice adj. trying too much to persuade people to accept a particular opinion – used to show disapproval موعظه آمیز
57
illusory - Their hopes of a peaceful solution turned out to be illusory. - First impressions can often prove illusory.
illusory adj. not real and based on illusion گمراه کننده مشتبه سازنده، وهمی، غیرواقعی
58
profit-monger - Lawyers are considered to be profit mongers when the law is treated as a trade secret and the public process as a business owned and operated by the legal profession.
profit-monger n. A person, business or profession marked by avarice and greed. سودجو
59
felicitous - He summed up Jack's achievements in one or two felicitous phrases. - a felicitous choice of candidate
felicitous adj. well-chosen and suitable OPP infelicitous adj. suitable or right and expressing well the intended thought or feeling مناسب
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averse - Few politicians are averse to appearing on television. - Few people are averse to the idea of a free holiday. - I'm not averse to (= I like) the occasional glass of champagne myself.
averse adj. strongly disliking or opposed to بیزار، مخالف، متنفر، بر خلاف میل adj. strongly disliking or opposed to aversion (n)
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trigger - There are fears that the incident may be a trigger for more violence in the capital.
trigger v. / n. to cause (something) to start or happen ماشه، ماشه اسلحه، گیره سنگ زیر چرخ، چرخ نگهدار ماشه (چیزی را) کشیدن رها کردن، راه انداختن
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integrity - a man of great moral integrity - the territorial integrity of the country
integrity n. the quality of being honest and strong about what you believe to be right personal/professional/political etc integrity n. the state of being united as one complete thing درستی، امانت، راستی، تمامیت، بی عیبی، کمال
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conservation - wildlife conservation - a conservation area - the conservation of resources through recycling
conservation n. the protection of natural things such as animals, plants, forests etc, to prevent them from being spoiled or destroyed SYN preservation, → conserve n. when you prevent something from being lost or wasted → conserve نگهداری، حفاظت، حفظ منابع طبیعی
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spontaneous - My spontaneous reaction was to run away. - His jokes seemed spontaneous, but were in fact carefully prepared beforehand.
spontaneous - something that is spontaneous has not been planned or organized, but happens by itself, or because you suddenly feel you want to do it - someone who is spontaneous does things without planning them first – used to show approval خود بخود، خود انگیز، بی اختیار، فوری
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pushover - The interview was an absolute pushover. Jean will look after Harry, I'm quite sure - she's a pushover for babies (= will do anything for them). - They aren’t the best team in the league, but they’re no pushover, either. - Tony’s a pushover for blondes.
pushover n. something that is easy to do or to win, or someone who is easily persuaded or influenced or defeated کار آسان، کار بی دردسر، سهل، مثل آب خوردن، زود باور، زود تسلیم، گولو، مطیع، هالو
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comprehensive - We offer you a comprehensive training in all aspects of the business. - Is this list comprehensive or are there some names missing? - He has written a fully comprehensive guide to Rome.
comprehensive adj. including all the necessary facts, details, or problems that need to be dealt with SYN thorough, sweeping, generic, inclusive, exhaustive جامع، فرا گیرنده، وسیع محیط، بسیط
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insufferable - She disliked the president, whom she once described as an "insufferable bore". - The underground is insufferable in this heat.
insufferable adj. very annoying, unpleasant, or uncomfortable, and therefore extremely difficult to bear تحمل ناپذیر، تن در ندادنی، غیر قابل تحمل، سخت
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sequential - The publishers claim that the book constitutes "the first sequential exposition of events and thus of the history of the revolution".
sequential adj. relating to or happening in a sequence SYN successively مداوم، دائمی، پی در پی، متوالی، پی رفتی، ترتیبی
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surreptitious - Rory tried to sneak a surreptitious glance at Adam’s wristwatch. - She seemed to be listening to what I was saying, but I couldn't help noticing her surreptitious glances at the clock.
surreptitious adj. done secretly or quickly because you do not want other people to notice نهانی، زیرجلی، پنهان محرمانه
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dispassionate - In all the media hysteria, there was one journalist whose comments were clear-sighted and dispassionate. - a dispassionate view of the situation
dispassionate adj. not influenced by personal emotions and therefore able to make fair decisions SYN impartial بی غرضی، بی طرف، بی تعصب، خونسرد
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transient - A glass of whisky has only a transient warming effect. - The city has a large transient population (= many people who are living in it only temporarily). - transient fashions
transient adj. continuing only for a short time adj. working or staying somewhere for only a short time گذرا، زود گذر، ناپایدار، فانی کوتاه، تند، فراگذر
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vacant - Only a few apartments were still vacant. - She had a vacant look/expression on her face.
vacant adj. not filled or occupied; available to be used adj. A vacant job is one that no one is doing and is therefore available for someone new to do adj. showing no interest or mental activity خالی، اشغال نشده، بی متصدی، بلاتصدی، بیکار
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canned - canned tomatoes - canned fruit - Canned music annoys me.
canned adj. canned food is preserved in a round metal container SYN tinned canned music/laughter: music or laughter that has been recorded and is used on television or in radio programmes
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soft-pedal - This is a sensitive issue - I think we'd better soft-pedal it for the moment.
soft-pedal v. to make something seem less important or less bad than it really is
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feign - You know how everyone feigns surprise when you tell them how old you are. - The prosecution claimed that the defendant had feigned the injury. - She responded to his remarks with feigned amusement.
feign v. to pretend to have a particular feeling, problem, etc. وانمود کردن، بخود بستن جعل کردن
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daunting - The country was faced with the daunting prospect of overcoming four decades of division. - The trip seemed rather daunting for a young girl.
daunting adj. making you feel slightly frightened or worried about your ability to achieve something دلهره آور
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downright - I think the way she was treated is a downright disgrace. - The working conditions are unhealthy, if not downright (= and probably extremely) dangerous. - Jed’s downright lazy. - It’s downright disgusting!
downright adv. used to emphasize that something is completely bad or untrue SYN completely صرفا، محض، خالص، مطلق،
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autonomous - Galicia is an autonomous region of Spain. - an autonomous vehicle
autonomous adj. an autonomous place or organization is free to govern or control itself SYN independent an autonomous region/state/republic etc adj. having the ability to work and make decisions by yourself without any help from anyone else SYN independent دارای حکومت مستقل خودمختار، خودگردان
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indeterminate - An indeterminate number of workers have already been exposed to the danger. - a man of indeterminate age
indeterminate adj. not measured, counted, or clearly known adj. not clearly determined or established نا معین، پادر هوا، نا مشخص، بی نتیجه
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opulent - evening dresses in opulent fabrics - Europe’s opulent elite - an opulent lifestyle - an opulent hotel - He lived an opulent lifestyle that included sports cars and enormous homes.
opulent adj. very beautiful, with a lot of decoration, and made from expensive materials SYN luxurious adj. very rich and spending a lot of money مجلل ، سرشار، وافر
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pervasive - The influence of Freud is pervasive in her books. - a pervasive smell of diesel - Reforms are being undermined by the all-pervasive corruption in the country.
pervasive adj. present or noticeable in every part of a thing or place فراگیر، نافذ، فراگیرنده
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offset - Cuts in prices for milk, butter, and cheese will be offset by direct payments to farmers. - He was able to offset his travel expenses against tax. - If you have to travel by air, offset your carbon emissions by supporting renewable energy projects.
offset v. to cancel or reduce the effect of (something) SYN compensate چاپ افست، جابجا سازی، مبدا، نقطه شروع مسابقه، چین، خمیدگی، انحراف، وزنه متعادل، رقم متعادل کننده، متعادل کردن، جبران کردن، خنثی کردن، چاپ افست کردن افست
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omnipresent - the omnipresence of God - The singer became an omnipresent icon of style and beauty.
omnipresent adj. present or having an effect everywhere at the same time omnipresence (n) حاضر در همه جا
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entangle - The dolphin had become entangled in/with the fishing nets. - A seal became entangled in the fishing net. - The movie explores the entangled (= mixed together in many ways) lives of the five characters.
entangle v. to cause something to become caught in something such as a net or ropes v. to trap something within something else from which it is difficult to escape گرفتار کردن، گیرانداختن پیچیده کردن
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dilatory - dilatory behaviour/tactics - British institutions have been dilatory in cutting credit card charges.
dilatory adj. slow and likely to cause delay
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generic - Fine Arts is a generic term for subjects such as painting, music, and sculpture. - The new range of engines all had a generic problem with their fan blades.
generic adj. relating to a whole group of things rather than to one thing generic term/name (for something) adj. a generic product does not have a special name to show that it is made by a particular company generic drugs نوعی، جنسی، عمومی، عام کلی،
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sensational - a sensational discovery - The show was a sensational success. - sensational newspaper stories - She looks sensational (= extremely attractive) in her new dress. - Some of the more sensational newspapers have given a lot of coverage to the scandal.
sensational adj. very interesting, exciting, and surprising adj. intended to interest, excite, or shock people – used to show disapproval adj. very good SYN stunning شورانگیز، مهیج، احساساتی موثر، حسی
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explicable - Under the circumstances, what happened was quite explicable . - The success of the Revolution is explicable in terms of the weakness of the king’s government.
explicable adj. able to be easily understood or explained OPP inexplicable قابل توضیح
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pernicious - the pernicious effects of poverty - the media’s pernicious influence - The cuts in government funding have had a pernicious effect on local health services.
pernicious adj. having a very harmful effect or influence زیان آور، مضر، کشنده، نابود کننده، مهلک
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convoluted - long paragraphs and convoluted sentences - The argument is rather convoluted. - His grammar explanations are terribly convoluted. - Her book is full of long, convoluted sentences.
convoluted adj. complicated and difficult to understand adj. having many twists and bends بهم پیچیده، بهم تابیده، حلقوی، پیچاپیچ
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bureaucracy - I had to deal with the university's bureaucracy when I was applying for financial aid. - the reduction of unnecessary bureaucracy
bureaucracy n. a complicated official system that is annoying or confusing because it has a lot of rules, processes etc → red tape (official rules that seem unnecessary and prevent things from being done quickly and easily ) n. the officials who are employed rather than elected to do the work of a government, business etc رعایت تشریفات اداری به حد افراط، تاسیسات اداری حکومت اداری، مجموع گماشتگان دولتی، کاغذ پرانی دیوان سالاری
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widespread - the widespread use of chemicals in agriculture - There was widespread support for the war. - There are reports of widespread flooding in northern France.
widespread adj. existing or happening in many places or situations, or among many people widespread support/acceptance/criticism/condemnation etc شایع همه جا منتشر، گسترده
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compliant - For years I had tried to be a compliant and dutiful wife. - Future versions will be fully compliant with the industry standard.
compliant adj. willing to obey or to agree to other people’s wishes and demands → comply (موافقت کردن، برآوردن، اجابت کردن ) adj. made or done according to particular rules or standards → comply compliant with قبول کننده، موافق، مطیع
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trifling - It was such a trifling sum of money to argue about! - matters of trifling importance
trifling adj. A trifling matter or amount of money is small or not important adj. unimportant or of little value جزئی، ناچیز
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compunction - I wouldn't have any compunction about telling him to leave. - He had no compunction about interfering in her private affairs. - They used their tanks against the leftists without compunction.
compunction n. a feeling that you should not do something because it is bad or wrong have/feel no compunction about (doing) something پشیمانی، ندامت، رحم
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cynical - a cynical view of human nature - The public is cynical about election promises. - I've always been deeply cynical about politicians.
cynical adj. unwilling to believe that people have good, honest, or sincere reasons for doing something cynical about adj. not caring that something might not be morally right, might hurt someone etc, when you are trying to get something for yourself بدگمان نسبت به درستی ونیکوکاری بشر، غرغرو عیبجو، کلبی
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pretentious مسعود فراستی - The novel deals with grand themes, but is never heavy or pretentious. - a pretentious art critic
pretentious adj. if someone or something is pretentious, they try to seem more important, intelligent, or high class than they really are in order to be impressive OPP unpretentious پر مدعا، پر جلوه، پر ادعا و متظاهر
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customary - She's not her customary cheerful self today. - In some cultures it is customary for the bride to wear white. - Barbara answered with her customary enthusiasm.
customary adj. something that is customary is normal because it is the way something is usually done SYN usual it is customary (for somebody) to do something adj. someone’s customary behaviour is the way they usually do things SYN usual عادی، مرسوم
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vilify - He was vilified by the press as a monster. - Johnson was vilified in the press for refusing to resign.
vilify v. to say or write bad things about someone or something vilify somebody/something for (doing) something بدنام کردن، بدگویی کردن، بهتان زدن

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