Zinc

Question 1

zinc is widely distributed in the body and is found in:

Answer 1

all tissues and fluids

Question 2

sources of zinc

Answer 2

shellfish, beef, red meat, nuts, legumes

Question 3

zinc is more bioavailable in meat sources or plant sources

Answer 3

meat source

Question 4

why is zinc less bioavailable in plant sources

Answer 4

because they are high in phytic acid which inhibits zn aborption

Question 5

zn first needs to be _____ from aa’s and nucleic acids in the ST and SI

Answer 5

hydrolyzed

Question 6

before it can be absorpbed, zn in hydrolyzed in the ST and SI by :

Answer 6

hydrochloric acid
proteases
nucleases

Question 7

the absorption of zn primarily occurs in the

Answer 7

SI

Question 8

the absorption of zn occurs in what three pathways

Answer 8

carrier mediated process  (low intakes)
passive diffusion (high intake)
paracellular absorption (high intake)

Question 9

factors that enhance zn aborption

Answer 9

citric acid
picolinate
prostaglandins
low zinc status

Question 10

factors that inhibit zinc absorption

Answer 10

phytates
oxalates
polyphenols
Fe, Ca, Mg

Question 11

once absorbed the intestinal cell can do three things with zinc:

Answer 11

used
stored as metallotionein
transported by Znts to blood

Question 12

CRIP transports Zn within the ____ of cells

Answer 12

cytoplasm

Question 13

zn in blood is bound to

Answer 13

albumin

Question 14

zn in found in all organs of the body especially

Answer 14

liver
kidney
muscle
skin
bone

Question 15

storage of zinc is usually bound to

Answer 15

thionein as metallothionein (binds copper)

Question 16

functions of zinc

Answer 16

growth and dev
immune
neurological function
reproduction

Question 17

the function of zinc can be further divided into three roles

Answer 17

catalytic role
structural role
regulatory role

Question 18

the catalytic role of zinc involves over 300 different enzymes such as

Answer 18

alcohol/retinol dehydrogenase
carboxypeptidase A and aminopeptidase
polyglutamate hydrolase
alkaline p hosphatase

Question 19

the structural role of zine is important in the structure of

Answer 19

proteins and cell membranes

Question 20

Zinc_____ proteins have been found to regulate gene expression by acting as transcription factors

Answer 20

finger

Question 21

zn also plays a role in cell signaling and ha been found to influence :

Answer 21

hormone release
insulin release
nerve impulse transmission

Question 22

T or F zin has a role in apoptosis

Answer 22

true

Question 23

Zn is requried for _____ differentiation and function

Answer 23

t-cell

Question 24

zn is primarily excreted through the____

Answer 24

GIT

Question 25

S&S of zn deficency

Answer 25

``` growth retardation delayed sexual maturation in children dermatitis diarrhea impaired immunity impaired wound healing dysgeusia night blindness hairloss white spots on fingernails ```

Question 26

______ abuse has been associated with severe zn deficiencies

Answer 26

chronic alcohol abuse

Question 27

those are higher risk of zn deficiency are

Answer 27

premature and low birth weight infants older breast fed infants with inadequate zn intake teens pregnant/lactating women elderly those with IBD or severe prolonged diarrhea strict vegetarians

Question 28

clinical indications for zn supplementation

Answer 28

common cold

Question 29

the major consequence of long term consumption of excessive zn is ___ deficiency

Answer 29

copper

Question 30

acute zn toxicity sx include

Answer 30

metallic taste h/a n/v/ bloody diarrhea abd cramps

Question 31

zinc is required for the conversion of _____ to retinal

Answer 31

retinol

Question 32

Ca, Mg and Fe (increase/decrease) Zn absorption

Answer 32

decrease

Question 33

NAC may (increase/decrease) zn excretion

Answer 33

increase

Question 34

___ and ____ can displace zinc and disrupt normal zn function

Answer 34

cadmium and lead

Question 35

assessment of status

Answer 35

zinc tally test serm zinc RBC hair zinc, saliva,