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Introductory Persian > درس پنجم > Flashcards

درس پنجم Flashcards

1
Q

پُر

A

full

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2
Q

سیزده به در

A

April 3rd, the thirteenth day of spring. All Iranians must go outside or they believe bad luck will befall them. Then they throw their wheat sprouts in the running water.

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3
Q

شُکُفه

A

blossoms

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4
Q

فاصله

A

distance

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5
Q

نیشابور

A

Nishabour (where Omar Khayyam was from)

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6
Q

عکس

A

picture, photograph

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7
Q

گرفته شدن

A

was taken (ex. a photograph)

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8
Q

پس از

A

after (ex. one week after Sizdabehzar = یگ هفته پس از سیزده به در)

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9
Q

پیش از

A

before

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10
Q

بعد از

A

after

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11
Q

قبل از

A

before

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12
Q

پس از

A

after

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13
Q

تا

A

until

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14
Q

از روی

A

over

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15
Q

علاوه براین

A

in addition

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16
Q

نُو

A

new

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17
Q

اولین

A

first

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18
Q

آخرین

A

last

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19
Q

جالب

A

interesting

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20
Q

نوروز

A

Noruz (Iranian new year, March 21st)

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21
Q

فروردین

A

Farvardin (first month of the Iranian year)

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22
Q

سُفره هفت سین

A

Haft-Sin (the Noruz table setting)

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23
Q

چهار شنبه سوری

A

last Tuesday night of the year in the Iranian calendar

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24
Q

سُفره

A

table cloth

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25
Q

جَشن

A

celebration, festival

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26
Q

آتَش

A

fire

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27
Q

بازی

A

game

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28
Q

آتَش بازی

A

fireworks

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29
Q

سِکِه

A

coin

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30
Q

سُماق

A

sumac

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31
Q

سِرکه

A

vinegar

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32
Q

لِباس

A

clothes

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33
Q

مِهمانی

A

party

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34
Q

هَمسَر

A

spouse

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35
Q

چیز

A

thing

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36
Q

حقوق

A

rights, salary, law (the subject)

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37
Q

هُنَر

A

art

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38
Q

نَقاشی

A

painting

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39
Q

طبیعت

A

countryside, nature

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40
Q

خارج

A

outside, abroad

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41
Q

داخل

A

inside

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42
Q

(عَدَد (اعداد

A

number

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43
Q

(حرف (حروف

A

letter

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44
Q

(وَاژِه (واژگان

A

word

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45
Q

(کَلَمِه (کلمات

A

word

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46
Q

(لغت (لغات

A

word

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47
Q

(عِبارت (عبارات

A

phrase

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48
Q

(جُملِه (جملات

A

sentence

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49
Q

پاراگِراف

A

paragraph

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50
Q

(مَقالِه (مقالات

A

article, essay

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51
Q

(ساعت (ساعات

A

hour, o’clock, watch

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52
Q

(دقیقه (دقایق

A

minute

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53
Q

ثانیه

A

second

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54
Q

رُبع

A

quarter

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55
Q

چِه؟

A

what?

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56
Q

کِی؟

A

who?

57
Q

چِه کَسی؟

A

who? also “whose?” ex. این کتاب کی است؟ = whose book is this?

58
Q

کَی؟

A

when?

59
Q

کُدام؟

A

which?

60
Q

چِرا؟

A

why? *comes at beginning of sentence ex. why are you studying Persian? = چرا فارسی می خوانی؟

61
Q

چَند؟

A

how many?

62
Q

چِقدَر؟

A

how much?

63
Q

(-شُروع شُدَن (شو

A

to begin (intransitive)

64
Q

شُروع کردن

A

to begin (transitive)

65
Q

infinitive: how can you use it?

A

can also act as a gerund/masdar (e.g. “studying, to study”) e.g. من خواندن فارسی را پارسال شروع کردم I started studying/to study Persian last year.

66
Q

در مورد

A

about

67
Q

در بارهٔ

A

about

68
Q

راجع به

A

about

69
Q

(همدگر (را

A

each other e.g. همدگر را دوست دریم = we love each other

70
Q

عیسی

A

Jesus

71
Q

مَسیح

A

Messiah/Christ

72
Q

کِریسمَس

A

Christmas

73
Q

جشن کردن

A

to celebrate

74
Q

جمله پرسشی = Question words - give rules

A
  • word order is same as narrative sentences - yes/no questions either just change tone or the question word is added to beginning of the sentence - when asking a wh- question, the question word replaces the omitted word you’re asking about - indirect questions = ex. I don’t know if he is here = نمی دانم او اینجاست یا نه ex. I don’t know what is name is = نمی دانم اسم او چیست
75
Q

چه کسی را؟

A

whom? ex. چه کسی را دوست داری؟ = whom do you like?

76
Q

چه چیزی را؟

A

what (thing)? چه چیزی را دوست داری؟ = what do you like?

77
Q

جمله تعجبی = exclamatory sentences - give rules

A
  • express feelings and emotions start with چه (how/what) and end with exclamation mark ex. how interesting! = !چه جالب - if followed by a noun, noun appears in indefinite ex. what (great) weather! = !چه هوایی - or use the formula: چه + اسم + صفت + ی - you can also use چقدر + صفت \ قید ex. how beautiful you’ve become! = !چقدر خوشگل شدی
78
Q

هنرمند

A

artist

79
Q

هنرپیشه

A

actor

80
Q

پیشه-

A

suffix for “profession”

81
Q

معرفی کردن

A

to introduce

82
Q

(-نِگَه داشتن (دار

A

to keep, to hold

83
Q

متنوع

A

diverse, various

84
Q

numbers: give the rules

A
  • cardinal is used before the noun - ordinal ending in م- goes AFTER the noun - ordinal ending in مین- goes BEFORE a noun, and is more emphatic irregular cardinal/ordinal: یگ ، اول ، اولین BUT NOTE that when doing 21, 31, 41, etc, the “1” becomes regular: بیست و یک ، بیست و یکُم ، بیست و یکمین
85
Q

(-بدنیا آمدن (آ

A

to be born (lit. to come into the world)

86
Q

یا … یا

A

either … or

87
Q

(-از دنیا رفتن (رو

A

to pass away (lit. to leave the world)

88
Q

telling the time: give rules 1. regular 2. adverbial 3. asking “at what time…?” 4. half past 5. a quarter after 6. a quarter to 7. X minutes to…

A
  1. it is … o’clock: ساعت …. است – no ezafe 2. adverbial expressions of time take ezafe: … ساعتِ in adverbial expressions of time ساعتِ is often omitted altogether 3. چه ساعتی (کلاس دارید) ؟ ساعت چند (کلاس دارید) ؟ 4. و نیم \ و سی دقیقه 5. و ربع \ و چهل و پنج دقیقه 6. یک ربع به 7. دقیقه به X
89
Q

(-دیدن (بین

A

to see, to meet

90
Q

ملاقات کردن

A

to meet

91
Q

(-رسیدن (رس

A

to arrive

92
Q

چطور

A

how? ex. how’s the weather? = هوا چطور است؟

93
Q

کجا

A

where?

94
Q

(-دانستن (دان

A

to know (generally, info, etc)

95
Q

به ـــ نیاز داستن

A

to need X

96
Q

این ترم

A

now (lit. “this time”)

97
Q

بطور ـــ

A

makes next thing into an adverb of manner ex. “(they study) in a group” = (بطور گروهی (درس می خوانند

98
Q

بلد بودن

A

to know (a skill, like driving or languages)

99
Q

(-شناختن (شناس

A

to know (someone, i.e. connaître)

100
Q

انقلاب

A

revolution

101
Q

هَواپَیما

A

airplane

102
Q

(-گذشتن (گذر

A

to pass (over)

103
Q

everyone

A

همهٔ مردم

104
Q

بَهار

A

spring

105
Q

تابِستان

A

summer

106
Q

پائیز \ پاییز

A

fall

107
Q

زَمِستان

A

winter

108
Q

برای چه؟

A

what for?

109
Q

تاب

A

heat, fever

110
Q

ستان-

A

time or place marker

111
Q

برای + م\ت\ش

A

for + possessive suffix (me, you, him/her, etc)

112
Q

(-چیدن (چین

A

to set (a table); to pluck (a flower)

113
Q

(-پریدن (پر

A

to jump

114
Q

خطرناک

A

dangerous

115
Q

شطرنج

A

chess

116
Q

طلا

A

gold

117
Q

روغَن زیتون

A

olive oil

118
Q

با ـــــ آشنا شدن

A

to meet (someone)

119
Q

جدا شدن

A

to get divorced, separated

120
Q

علاقمند + م\ت\ش

A

(I, you, s/he, etc) is interested in –> shortening of هستم، هستی ، etc

121
Q

بچگی

A

childhood

122
Q

کیف

A

purse

123
Q

کلید

A

key

124
Q

پیدا کردن

A

to find

125
Q

دُرُست

A

true

126
Q

بدیمنی

A

ominous, unlucky

127
Q

بدی

A

evil

128
Q

سختی

A

difficult

129
Q

(-ساختن (ساز

A

to build, to make

130
Q

شرح

A

description

131
Q

سنت

A

custom

132
Q

(رسم (رسوم

A

tradition

133
Q

(-طول کشیدن (کش

A

to last, to take (time)

134
Q

دیشب

A

last night

135
Q

(-آوردن (آور

A

to bring

136
Q

پول

A

money

137
Q

با خودم\ت\ش

A

with me/you/him/etc (ex. to bring money with me)

138
Q

پارسال

A

last year

Introductory Persian (15 decks)

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