[017] upper arm, elbow joint & cubital fossa

Question 1

The upper arm is enclosed in a sheath of….

Answer 1

deep fascia

Question 2

Explain the figure

Answer 2

Two fascial septa extend from this sheath and are attached to the medial and lateral aspects of the humerus dividing the arm:

1. an anterior (Flexor) compartment.
2. a posterior (Extensor) compartment. Each having its muscles, nerves, and arteries.

Question 3

Muscles of the Anterior Fascial Compartment ?
1,2 & 3 ?

Answer 3

1. Biceps brachii
2. Coracobrachialis
3. brachialis

Question 4

Blood supply of the Anterior Fascial Compartment ?

Answer 4

Brachial artery

Question 5

Muscular Nerve supply of the Anterior Fascial Compartment ?

Answer 5

musculocutaneous nerve

Question 6

Biceps brachii is composed of ;

Answer 6

• Long head (LL)

• Short head

Question 7

……Of Biceps brachii is lateral , while ….. head is medial

Answer 7

Long head (LL) ,, Short head

Question 8

Action of Biceps brachii ?

Answer 8

-Supination of forearm

-Flexion of shoulder & elbow

Question 9

Root value of Biceps Tendon Reflex ?

Answer 9

-C5, C6

Mainly C6

Question 10

Define the condition

Answer 10

Rupture of the long head of Biceps

Question 11

Action of Coracobrachialis ?

Answer 11

Flexion & adduction of arm

Question 12

Action of Brachialis ?

Answer 12

Flexion of elbow

Question 13

Name the muscles

Answer 13

Question 14

Anterior compartment innervation ?

Answer 14

Musculocutaneous Nerve

Question 15

• Origin & Root Value of Musculocutaneous Nerve ?

Answer 15

Lateral cord, C5, C6 & C7

Question 16

Branches Musculocutaneous Nerve ?

Answer 16

1. Muscular
2. Cutaneous—lateral

Question 17

Name the nerve and it’s branches

Answer 17

Musculocutaneous Nerve

Branches:

1. Muscular—muscles of the front of arm (flexor compartment).
2. Cutaneous—lateral cutaneous nerve of forearm.

Question 18

Complications of Musculocutaneous Nerve Injury ?

Answer 18

-Weakness of arm flexion

-sensory loss along the lateral forearm

Question 19

The Brachial Artery Begins as continuation of….

Answer 19

axillary artery

Question 20

Name the Branches of the Brachial Artery

Answer 20

1. Profunda brachii a.
2. Sup. Ulnar collateral.
3. Inf. Ulnar collateral.

Question 21

The…. Artery Ends at the neck of radius by dividing into…..

Answer 21

Brachial Artery ,,, radial and ulnar artery

Question 22

Describe the anterior Anastomosis around the elbow

Answer 22

-Anterior branch of inferior ulnar collateral artery (brachial artery)

-Anterior ulnar recurrent artery (ulnar artery).

Question 23

Describe the posterior Anastomosis around the elbow

Answer 23

Question 24

At the cubital fossa , the most superficial layer contains :

Answer 24

Veins:

-Basilic

-Cephalic

-Median

-cubital

Question 25

The deeper layer of the Cubital fossa contains :

Answer 25

Question 26

Name the contents from medial to lateral

Answer 26

Question 27

Structures that are subjected to injury in Supracondylar fractures ?

Answer 27

-Brachiialis muscle

-Median nerve

Brachial artery

Question 28

Muscles in the Posterior Compartment ?

Answer 28

The Triceps brachii (“their origins “):

• Lateral Head from “humerus”
• medial (deep head) from “humerus”
• Long Head (median) from “scapula”

Question 29

Insertion of the Triceps brachii ?

Answer 29

Olecranon Process of Ulna

Question 30

Triceps brachii are supplied by the…..(nerve)

Answer 30

Radial nerve

Question 31

Action of Triceps brachii ?

Answer 31

extends the Elbow against Resistance

Question 32

Root value of Triceps Tendon Reflex ?

Answer 32

Root value :

• C6 & C7
• Mainly C7

Question 33

Origin & Root Value of Radial Nerve ?

Answer 33

-Posterior cord

-C5,6,7,8,T1

Question 34

Branches of the Radial Nerve ?

Answer 34

1. Muscular to the 3 heads of triceps &anconeus
2. Post. Cutaneous of arm
3. Lower lat. cutaneous of arm
4. Post. Cut. Of forearm
5. Muscular to brachialis brachioradialis & ext. carpi rad. longus.
6. 2 terminal br. (Superficial Radial & Posterior interosseous)

Question 35

MOTOR EFFECT of Radial Nerve injury ?
(When above the elbow)

Answer 35

—wrist drop and fingers drop
,,due to paralysis of all extensors of the wrist and fingers

—impairs the extension of the elbow against resistance due to affection of the triceps

Question 36

SENSORY EFFECT of Radial Nerve injury ?

Answer 36

—Week sensory loss over the lower half of deltoid

— complete loss of sensation on the dorsum of the hand ,,, between the 1st and 2nd metacarpal bones.

— Paresthesia over the posterior surface of arm,

forearm, lower part of the lateral side of the arm

Question 37

Name the fracture and mention the structures at risk of injury

Answer 37