ARTICULAR CARTILAGE AND OSTEOARTHRITIS

Question 1

Articular cartilage has two primary purposes :

Answer 1

-Smooth movement

-Shock absorption

Question 2

Answer 2

Question 3

A disease where there is progressive softening, ulceration and focal disintegration of the articular cartilage ?

Answer 3

Osteoarthritis

Question 4

Causes of osteophyte formation in arthritis ?

Answer 4

1-penetration of vessels in basal layers

2-Abnormal heeling of stress fractures

3-Venous congestion

4-Stimulation of pluripotent cells by cartilage debris

Question 5

Main cytokines implicated in osteoarthritis ?

Answer 5

IL-1β and TNF-α

Question 6

Answer 6

Question 7

…gait is seen in knee OA

Answer 7

stiff knee gait

Question 8

…gait is seen in spinal stenosis/OA

Answer 8

slow shuffling gait

Question 9

…gait is seen in hip OA

Answer 9

Trendenlenburg gait

Question 10

Drugs for treatment of OA beside in NSAIDs ?

Answer 10

-Complementary chondroprotective drugs: glucosamine compounds

-Intraarticular steroid injections

-Viscosupplementation: hyaluronan

Molecular:
➢ IL-1 inhibitor (diacerein)
➢ TGF-β inhibition
➢ MMP activity inhibition

Question 11

Orthopedic surgery used for OA ?

Answer 11

➢ Osteotomy

➢ Debridement

➢ Prosthetic joint replacement (partial, total)