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Question 1

Scientific study of abnormal behavior in an effort to describe, predict, explain, and change patters of functioning

Answer 1

abnormal psychology

Question 2

Four Ds of abnormal psychology

Answer 2

deviance, distress, dysfunction, danger

Question 3

Behavior that veers from socially acceptable behavior in our culture, will vary from culture to culture

Answer 3

deviance

Question 4

Worry about one’s own self, scaring oneself

Answer 4

distress

Question 5

Describes behavior that gets in the way of you carrying our your daily activities and responsibilities

Answer 5

dysfunction

Question 6

Describes behavior that creates a risk to yourself or others

Answer 6

danger

Question 7

Quirky behavior does not necessarily equal what

Answer 7

abnormality

Question 8

People who deviate from common behavior patterns or display odd or whimsical behavior, nonconformists, extreme interests, etc.

Answer 8

eccentrics

Question 9

Who selects criteria for defining abnormality and uses criteria to judge particular cases

Answer 9

society

Question 10

Author who found the concept of mental illness to be invalid, a myth, wrote book “The Myth of Mental Illness”

Answer 10

Thomas Szasz

Question 11

Thomas Szasz primary argument

Answer 11

societies invent mental illness to control people

Question 12

Procedure designed to change abnormal behavior into more normal behavior

Answer 12

treatment or therapy

Question 13

Famous humanist who gave us client-centered therapy, argued that there is no agreement for therapy or successful outcome

Answer 13

Carl Rogers

Question 14

Famous author that says therapy has three important features

Answer 14

Jerome Frank

Question 15

Jerome Frank’s three features of therapy

Answer 15

(1) someone is suffering who seeks relief, (2) trained socially acceptable healer, (3) series of contacts between sufferer and healer to feel better

Question 16

Ancient societies regarded abnormal behavior as the work of what

Answer 16

evil spirits

Question 17

Treatment for abnormal behavior focused on getting evil spirits out of the body through what procedures

Answer 17

trephination and exorcism

Question 18

Philosopher who through that illnesses came from natural causes

Answer 18

Hippocrates

Question 19

Hippocrates approach to mental illnesses

Answer 19

abnormal behavior caused by imbalance in the four humors (fluids), healing caused by balancing humors

Question 20

Church in the Middle Ages had what view of mental illness

Answer 20

caused by demonology

Question 21

During the Renaissance, demonology on decline and what took its place

Answer 21

rise of mental illness as similar to bodily illness

Question 22

Father of modern study of psychopathology, believed biological reasons caused mental illness

Answer 22

Johann Weyer

Question 23

Religious places where people with mental illnesses were treated with loving care

Answer 23

shrines

Question 24

Famous shrine in Belgium that devoted itself to community mental health

Answer 24

Gheel

Question 25

Term for mental hospitals during the Renaissance, similar to prisons

Answer 25

asylums

Question 26

Type of bed in an asylum that caged patient to the bed

Answer 26

crib

Question 27

Individual in France who protested treatment of the mentally ill, took locks off asylum in Paris

Answer 27

Pinel

Question 28

Famous advocate for mentall ill in England

Answer 28

Tuke

Question 29

Father of American Psychiatry, part of the moral treatment movement in the 1800s

Answer 29

Benjamin Rush

Question 30

Boston schoolteacher who advocated for more humane treatment for the mentally ill and called for creation of state hospitals

Answer 30

Dorothea Dix

Question 31

Example of immoral outcome to biological approaches under the somatogenic perspective

Answer 31

eugenics

Question 32

Philosopher who advocated for somatogenic perspective

Answer 32

Emil Kraeplin

Question 33

Elimination through medical or other means of an individuals ability to reproduce

Answer 33

Eugenics

Question 34

Example of new medications resulting from biological approach

Answer 34

psychotropic medications

Question 35

Early 20th century perspective that abnormal functioning has physical causes

Answer 35

somatogenic perspective

Question 36

Early 20th century perspective that abnormal functioning has psychological causes

Answer 36

psychogenic perspective

Question 37

Two factors were responsible for the rebirth of somatogenic perspective

Answer 37

(1) Argument that physical factors (such as fatigue) are responsible for mental dysfunction, (2) New biological discoveries

Question 38

Two primary approaches of the psychogenic perspective

Answer 38

hypnotism, psychoanalysis

Question 39

Trance-like state where the person becomes highly suggestable, goes back to Fredrick Mesmer, capable of creating false memories and uncovering repressed memories

Answer 39

Hypnotism

Question 40

Physician who would work with hysteria, no clear physical basis for ailment

Answer 40

Breuer

Question 41

Psychogenic perspective that holds that many forms of abnormal and normal psychological function are psychogenic

Answer 41

psychoanalysis

Question 42

Primary proponent of psychoanalysis, proponent of outpatient therapy

Answer 42

Freud

Question 43

When did hospitalizations for mental illnesses peak and why

Answer 43

About 1955 because new antipsychotic, antidepressant, and antianxiety drugs were discovered

Question 44

Centers that allow for follow up to inpatient mental health treatment and provide outpatient therapy

Answer 44

community mental health centers

Question 45

Most preferred way to treat mental illnesses since the 1950s

Answer 45

psychotherapy through outpatient care

Question 46

How many adults in the US receive treatment for psychological disorders in the course of a year, and how many sessions

Answer 46

1 in 6, fewer and 5 sessions

Question 47

Movement that advocates for correcting social conditions that underlie mental health problems and help individuals at risk for developing disorders

Answer 47

prevention movement

Question 48

Prevention movement is tied to what

Answer 48

positive psychology

Question 49

Study of the enhancement of positive feeling, traits, and abilities

Answer 49

positive psychology

Question 50

Psychological approach where practitioners teach people coping skills, stress protection, meaningful activities, and enriching relationships

Answer 50

positive psychology

Question 51

Seven theoretical perspectives

Answer 51

Psychoanalytic, Biological, Behavioral, Cognitive, Humanistic-existential, Sociocultural, Evolutionary

Question 52

Current most popular theoretical perspective

Answer 52

cognitive perspective

Question 53

Mental health practitioner who is a medical doctor specializing in medical disorders who can prescribe medications

Answer 53

psychiatrist

Question 54

Type of practitioner who are seeking to discover universal laws about abnormal behavior and psychological functioning, nomothetic understanding

Answer 54

clinical researchers

Question 55

Relating to the study or discovery of general scientific laws

Answer 55

nomothetic

Question 56

Three ways to do research

Answer 56

descriptive (case study), correlational, experimental

Question 57

Provides a detailed, interpretative description of a person's life and psychological problems, may be biased

Answer 57

case study (descriptive research)

Question 58

Research looking for a relationship between variables, uses statistical analysis of probability, cannot establish cause and effect

Answer 58

correlational method

Question 59

Type of correlation study that Reveal the incidence and prevalence of a disorder in a particular population

Answer 59

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES

Question 60

Largest epidemiological study

Answer 60

Epidemiologic Catchment Area Study

Question 61

Number of new cases of disorder in a period of time

Answer 61

incidence

Question 62

Total number of cases in a period of time

Answer 62

prevalence

Question 63

Type of correlation study that Involve observation of same individuals on many occasions over a long period

Answer 63

longitudinal studies

Question 64

Correlational studies of many pairs of identical twins

Answer 64

twin studies

Question 65

Correlational studies of many pairs of twins have suggested a link between what

Answer 65

genetic factors and certain psychological disorders

Question 66

Only research method where we can discover cause and effect, independent variable is manipulated and effect on dependent variable is observed

Answer 66

experimental method

Question 67

A P-value above what means the results are not significant

Answer 67

above P=0.05

Question 68

Three features to guard against confounds in experiments

Answer 68

control group; Random assignment; Bias, blind, and double-blind design

Question 69

Experimental design using groups that already exist, eg abused children

Answer 69

QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL

Question 70

Experiments where nature creates the events, eg PTSD and earthquakes

Answer 70

natural experiments

Question 71

Experiments that cannot be done on humans ethically, eg learned helplessness, Seligman dogs being shocked, panel with hole in it

Answer 71

analogue experiment

Question 72

Experiments with only one person, measuring before and after manipulation

Answer 72

single subject experiments

Question 73

Experiments called ABAB design where baseline is taken, then manipulation, then measure, then remove manipulation, then measure, then reintroduce manipulation, then measure, eg behaving children and rewards

Answer 73

reversal design

Question 74

Researchers' primary obligation is to avoid what

Answer 74

physically or psychologically harming the human participants in their studies

Question 75

An ethics committee in a research facility that is empowered to protect the rights and safety of human research participants

Answer 75

INSTITUTIONAL REVIEW BOARD (IRB)