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Abnormal Psychology > 1-3 > Flashcards

1-3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Involves the collection of relevant information in an effort to reach a conclusion

A

ASSESSMENT

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2
Q

Used to determine how and why a person is behaving abnormally and how that person may be helped, gathers idiographic information, used to evaluate treatment progress

A

CLINICAL ASSESSMENT

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3
Q

Personal information collected from a client

A

idiographic information

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4
Q

Hundreds of clinical assessment tools fall into three categories

A

Clinical interviews, Tests, Observations

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5
Q

To be useful, assessment tools must be _________

A

standardized and have clear reliability and validity

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6
Q

Sets up common steps to be followed whenever it is administered for administration, scoring, and interpretation of a test

A

STANDARDIZATION

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7
Q

Refers to the consistency of an assessment measure

A

RELIABILITY

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8
Q

Two main types of reliability

A

TEST -RETEST RELIABILITY; INTERRATER (INTERJUDGE) RELIABILITY

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9
Q

Type of reliability in which you receive the same score on multiple attempts

A

TEST -RETEST RELIABILITY

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10
Q

Type of reliability in which different scorers deliver same scores

A

INTERRATER (INTERJUDGE) RELIABILITY

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11
Q

Refers to the accuracy of a tool’s results

A

VALIDITY

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12
Q

Type of validity in which test appears at face value to be valid

A

face validity

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13
Q

Type of validity in which test reliably make same predictions

A

PREDICTIVE VALIDITY

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14
Q

measure of how well a particular test correlates with a previously validated measure

A

CONCURRENT VALIDITY

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15
Q

Often the first contact between a client and a clinician/assessor; used to collect detailed information especially personal history, about a client

A

Clinical Interviews

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16
Q

Type of interview in which clinicians ask open-ended questions

A

UNSTRUCTURED INTERVIEW

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17
Q

Type of interview in which clinicians ask prepared questions, often from a published interview schedule

A

STRUCTURED INTERVIEW

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18
Q

Component of a structured interview to determine if someone is oriented to time and pace

A

mental status exam

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19
Q

Three limitations of clinical interviews

A

May lack validity or accuracy, May contain interviewer bias or mistakes in judgment, May lack reliability

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20
Q

More than 500 clinical tests fall into six categories

A

Projective tests, Personality inventories, Response inventories, Psychophysiological tests, Neurological and neuropsychological tests, Intelligence tests

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21
Q

Tests from psychodynamic theory that require that clients interpret vague or ambiguous stimuli or follow open-ended instruction, eg Rorschach Test, Thematic Apperception Test, Sentence completion test, Drawings

A

PROJECTIVE TESTS

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22
Q

Projective test in which narrative responses to ambiguous pictures reflect the individuals’ own circumstances, needs, and emotions

A

THEMATIC APPERCEPTION TEST (TAT)

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23
Q

A mental process by which a person makes sense of an idea by assimilating it to the body of ideas he already has

A

apperception

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24
Q

Projective test that is not accurate for diagnosis and a bear to score, involves interpreting inkblots and images

A

Rorschach Test

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25
Projective test which provides springboard for discussion and a quick and easy way to pinpoint topics to explore
SENTENCE-COMPLETION TEST
26
Common sentence completion test
Rotter’s Incomplete Sentences
27
Projective test which provide means for clinician to assess functioning, especially with children
DRAWINGS
28
Type of drawing test in which you draw a person, person of opposite sex
draw-a-person test
29
Type of drawing test in which you draw a picture of your family members
Kinetic Family Drawing test
30
Type of drawing test in which you draw a house, then a tree, then a person
House Tree Person Drawing
31
Two strengths of projective tests
provided method for personality assessment until 1950s, helpful for providing supplementary information
32
Two limitations of projective tests
not demonstrated reliability of validity, bias against minority ethnic groups
33
Term for tests that indicate if a subject if faking answers
Empirically keyed
34
Tests that measure broad personality characteristics and psychological functioning, based on self-reported responses, focus on behaviors, beliefs, and feelings
PERSONALITY INVENTORIES
35
Most widely used personality test
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
36
Test consisting of 500 true/false/cannot say statements describing physical, mood, sexual, and social behaviors on 10 clinical scales, scores above 70 are deviant
MMPI
37
MMPI term for abnormal concerns with body
hypochondriasis
38
MMPI term for overly dramatic behavior
hysteria
39
MMPI term for people who don’t care about other’s feelings
psychopathic deviance
40
MMPI term for issues relating to traditional gender roles
masculinity-femininity
41
MMPI term for being abnormally suspicious
paranoia
42
MMPI term for level of anxiety
psychasthenia
43
MMPI term for having odd thinking patterns, unable to separate fantasy from reality
schizophrenia
44
MMPI term for emotional excitement, overactivity
hypomania
45
MMPI term for being easily embarrassed, ability to navigate social world
social introversion
46
Strengths of MMPI
easy, objective, test-retest reliable, greater validity
47
Limitations of MMPI
measured traits not examined, no allowance for cultural differences
48
Inventories based on self-reported responses, eg affective, social skills, cognitive inventories
Response Inventories
49
Affective test by Aaron Beck, father of cognitive therapy
Beck depression inventory
50
Strengths of Response Inventories
strong face validity, increased usage over last 50 years
51
Limitations of Response Inventories
limited reliability, standardization, not tested for accuracy or consistency
52
Test that measure physiological response as an indication of psychological problems, eg heart rate, bp, temp
PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL TESTS
53
Most popular PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL TEST
polygraph
54
Strengths of Psychophysiological tests
continuous signals, use in real time
55
Limitations of Psychophysiological tests
expensive equipment, inaccurate and unreliable
56
Type of test that assesses brain function by assessing brain structure and activity
neurological tests
57
Examples of neurological tests
EEG, CAT, PET, MRI, fMRI
58
Neurological test that gives most accurate image in real-time
fMRI
59
PET scan of depressed person shows what
mostly blue with a little yellow
60
Test that Indirectly assess brain function by assessing cognitive, perceptual, and motor functioning
NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS
61
Most widely used neuropsychological test
BENDER GESTALT TEST
62
Strengths of neuropsychological test
need to be over 12, general screening, best in battery of tests
63
Weaknesses of neuropsychological tests
unable to detect subtle abnormalities
64
Type of test designed to indirectly measure intellectual ability, verbal and nonverbal skills, score is IQ
intelligence tests
65
Strengths of intelligence tests
most carefully produced, standardized, reliable and valid
66
Weaknesses of intelligence tests
performance influenced by non-intelligence factors, cultural and language bias
67
Popular intelligence based on bell-shaped curve
Weschsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-IV)
68
Systematic observations of behavior
clinical observations
69
Three techniques for clinical observation
Naturalistic, Analog, Self-monitoring
70
Clinical observation technique that involves observing a person in their natural environment
naturalistic
71
Clinical observation technique that involves observing a person in a laboratory setting
analog
72
Strengths of naturalistic and analog observations
much can be learned
73
Weaknesses of naturalistic and analog observations
reliability and validity
74
Clinical observation technique that involves a person observing and recording their own behavior
self-monitoring
75
Strengths of self-monitoring
measuring thoughts and perceptions
76
Weaknesses of self-monitoring
validity
77
Book of diagnoses and symptoms, requires clinician to provide categorical, dimensional, and additional information
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5)

Abnormal Psychology (13 decks)

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