2-7

Question 1

Intentioned, self-inflicted death in which one makes an intentional, direct, and conscious effort to end one’s life

Answer 1

suicide

Question 2

Unsuccessful attempts at suicide, 1+ million in US

Answer 2

parasuicide

Question 3

One of the leading causes of death in the world 1+million worldwide, 38,000 in US

Answer 3

suicide

Question 4

Researcher who is the expert in suicide

Answer 4

Shneidman

Question 5

Four Shneidman’s characterizations of suicide

Answer 5

death seekers, death initiators, death ignorers, death darers

Question 6

Shneidman characterization describing people genuinely who want to commit suicide

Answer 6

death seekers

Question 7

Shneidman characterization describing people who want to end their likes because they think the process of death is already underway with them, eg elderly, terminally ill

Answer 7

death initiators

Question 8

Shneidman characterization describing people who believe that their suicide will not mean the end of their existence, eg suicide bombers

Answer 8

death ignorers

Question 9

Shneidman characterization describing people who have mixed feelings about death, eg playing Russian roulette, taking pills and calling someone

Answer 9

death darers

Question 10

Suicide-like category which describes self-harm like superficial scratching without danger of bleeding out, 5+ occasions in the last year

Answer 10

self-injury or self-mutilation

Question 11

Suicide-like category that describes not a real attempt at suicide

Answer 11

suicide gestures

Question 12

Suicide-like category describing people who play an indirect role in their death, eg suicide by cop

Answer 12

subintentional death

Question 13

Suicidal acts may be connected to __________ in a person’s life

Answer 13

recent events or current conditions

Question 14

Common triggers for suicide include

Answer 14

stressful events, mood and thought changes, alcohol and other drug use, mental disorders, and copycat suicides

Question 15

Suicide rates vary for what reasons

Answer 15

religious devoutness, women+ attempt, men+ complete, social conditions, race

Question 16

Suicide stressors that include loss of a loved one, the loss of a job, or natural disaster

Answer 16

Immediate stressors

Question 17

Suicide stressors that include social isolation, serious illness, abusive environments, occupational stress

Answer 17

long-term stressors

Question 18

Many suicide attempts are preceded by what changes in mood

Answer 18

Sadness (most common), anxiety, tension, frustration, anger, or shame

Question 19

Shneidman term for feeling of psychological pain that seems intolerable to the person

Answer 19

PSYCHACHE

Question 20

Describe 3 shifts in patterns of thinking that may precede suicide

Answer 20

preoccupation, loss of perspective, seeing suicide as only solution

Question 21

Sense of _________ is may be the single mostly likely indicator of intent preceding suicide

Answer 21

hopelessness

Question 22

Change in thinking preceding suicide in which folks start to view problems with rigid black and white thinking, “only”, suicide only thing I could do

Answer 22

Dichotomous thinking

Question 23

What percent of people drink alcohol before suicide attempt

Answer 23

70%

Question 24

Other drugs are tied to suicide particularly in what populations

Answer 24

teens and young adults

Question 25

Majority of all suicide attempters display a ______ in addition to suicidal inclination

Answer 25

psychological disorder

Question 26

Four psychological disorders that may increase risk of suicide

Answer 26

depression, substance-use disorders, schizophrenia, borderline personality disorder

Question 27

Borderline personality disorder has what behavioral feature that affects those around them

Answer 27

manipulation “if you leave me I will commit suicide”

Question 28

Copycat suicide, in which one publicized suicide results in more suicides

Answer 28

modelling

Question 29

Five triggers for modelling in suicide

Answer 29

family, friends, celebrities, coworkers, publicized suicides

Question 30

What two types of studies support biological view of suicide

Answer 30

family pedigree studies and twin studies

Question 31

Family pedigree studies and twin studies show what related to suicide

Answer 31

higher rates of suicide among parents and close relatives of those that commit suicide

Question 32

What brain chemical is low in people who commit suicide

Answer 32

serotonin

Question 33

Describe rates of suicide and people’s ages

Answer 33

rises until 64, declines, rises again over 84yo

Question 34

What has happened to rates of suicide in children over the past several decade

Answer 34

rising, boys outnumber girls 5

Question 35

In children what precedes suicidal attempt

Answer 35

behavior changes, eg running away, self-criticism, dark fantasies

Question 36

Are children confused about the meaning of death

Answer 36

no, suicidal children have clear wish to die

Question 37

Suicidal gestures increase after what age

Answer 37

14

Question 38

Teenagers have more ______ than _______ of suicide

Answer 38

attempts, completions

Question 39

Term for persistent suicidal thoughts

Answer 39

suicidal ideation

Question 40

Suicide is the _______ highest cause of death in teenagers

Answer 40

3rd highest, 10% of teen deaths are suicides

Question 41

Most common reason for teen suicides

Answer 41

great stress, all different kinds of stress

Question 42

Half of teen suicides are tied to what three things

Answer 42

clinical depression, low self-esteem, and hopelessness

Question 43

Five additional factors in teen suicides

Answer 43

anger, impulsiveness, poor problem solving, substance use, and stress

Question 44

Some theorists believe that __________ produces a stressful climate in which suicidal actions are more likely

Answer 44

the period of adolescence itself

Question 45

Describe suicides by ethnicity

Answer 45

American Indians > whites > blacks and Hispanics

Question 46

Age group most likely to commit suicide in Western society

Answer 46

the elderly

Question 47

Four contributory factors to elderly suicide

Answer 47

illness, loss of close friends and relatives, loss of control over life, loss of social status

Question 48

During the past 50 years, emphasis worldwide has shifted from suicide _______ to suicide _________

Answer 48

treatment, prevention

Question 49

Types of suicide programs in the US and England

Answer 49

suicide prevention programs and suicide hot lines

Question 50

National Suicide Prevention Hotline phone number

Answer 50

800-273-8255

Question 51

Both suicide prevention programs and suicide hot lines provide ________

Answer 51

crisis intervention

Question 52

Social policies to reduce suicide

Answer 52

gun control, bridge barriers, emissions controls