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Abnormal Psychology > 3-9 > Flashcards

3-9 Flashcards

(80 cards)

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1
Q

Cultural influences of eating disorders

A

thinness is equated with health

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2
Q

Number one mental illness that results in death

A

anorexia nervousa

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3
Q

More ____ than ______ are diagnosed with bulimia nervousa

A

females, males

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4
Q

Number one eating disorder

A

binge-eating disorder

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5
Q

Rise in eating disorders is fueled by

A

morbid fear of weight gain

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6
Q

Diagnosis that is the relentless pursuit of thinness through starvation

A

anorexia nervousa

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7
Q

Main symptoms of anorexia nervousa

A

below 85% of normal body weight, intense fear of becoming overweight, distorted view of weight and shape, amenorrhea

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8
Q

Describe timeline of anorexia developing

A

start off with normal weight, stressful event, anorexia, then either recovery or death

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9
Q

Three more clinical factors of picture of anorexia nervousa

A

(1)preoccupied with food, dream about food, (2) possible anxiety, depression, substance abuse, and OCD around food, (3) distorted self-perception of fatness

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10
Q

Goal of people with anorexia nervousa

A

become thin

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11
Q

Driving motivation of people with anorexia nervousa

A

fear of being fat, losing control over body

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12
Q

Medical problems causes by anorexia nervousa

A

amenorrhea, low body temperature, low BP & HR, swollen belly, brittle bones, skin, and nails, metabolic and electrolyte imbalances, lanugo

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13
Q

Term for disorder in which fine blond hairs begin to sprout over the body

A

lanugo

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14
Q

Disorder also known as binge-purge syndrome, characterized by binges

A

BULIMIA NERVOSA

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15
Q

Behavior described as engaging in bouts of uncontrolled overeating, often in secret, often without chewing

A

binges

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16
Q

Behavior described as abusing diuretics, laxatives, emetics, etc

A

purges

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17
Q

Does someone with bulimia look too thin

A

no, looks more normal weight

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18
Q

Four characteristics of bulimia nervosa

A

repeated binging, repeated purging, 3+ weeks, inappropriate appraisal of weight and shape

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19
Q

Timeline for bulimia nervosa

A

start out as overweight, maybe go on intense diet, triggers cycle of binge-purge

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20
Q

Trick test question about teenagers experimenting with binges or purges

A

may not qualify for diagnosis of bulimia nervosa

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21
Q

Describe cycle of binges and purges

A

tension begins building, person binges and feels pleasure, guilt builds up, person purges relieving guilt, then tension builds again

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22
Q

Compensatory behavior of purging to relieve guilt from binging include

A

laxatives, emetics, excessive exercise

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23
Q

Similarities of anorexia and bulimia

A

obsession with food, drive to be thin, risk of suicide, substance abuse, distorted beliefs

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24
Q

Differences of anorexia and bulimia

A

Bulimia more concerned with pleasing others, bulimia more sexually active, bulimia more mood swings, low frustration tolerance, poor coping

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25
Disorder in which people only engage in binging behavior without purging
binge eating disorder
26
Binge eating disorder must take place how often over what timeframe to get diagnosed with what feelings
weekly for 3+ months, feelings of guilt or disgust
27
As a result of their binges, two-thirds of people with binge eating disorder become
overweight or obese
28
Most overweight people (do/do not) binge
do not
29
What percent of the populating have binge eating disorder
between 2-7%
30
Websites that promote anorexia and encourage anorexia
pro-ana sites
31
Term for forced vomiting and related behaviors to prevent weight gain
compensatory behaviors
32
Psychodynamic theorist who researched eating disorders
Hilde Bruch
33
Hilde Bruch’s main psychodynamic argument for eating disorders
ego deficiencies result from a problem in mother-child relationships
34
Hilde Bruch’s psychodynamic term for poor control and poor sense of independence resulting in perceptual problems of body size and body image
ego deficiencies
35
Hilde Bruch’s psychodynamic contrast of effective and ineffective parents
ineffective don’t comfort, calm with bottle or sandwich
36
Research of Bruch’s psychodynamic view of people with eating disorders support what three things
inaccurate emotional cue perceptions, alexithymia, excessive dependence on views of others
37
Term for inability to identify and describe own emotions
alexithymia
38
Summary of cognitive perspective on eating disorders
improper labeling of internal sensations and needs, irrational desire to control body resulting from little feeling of control over life
39
People with eating disorders may qualify for what other diagnosis
major depression
40
People with eating disorders especially bulimia are low in what brain chemical
serotonin
41
What medication treats eating disorders by treating underlying serotonin deficiency
antidepressant SSRI
42
SSRIs have what other side effects
reduced anxiety about eating and gaining weight
43
Biological theorists identify _____ that may leave people vulnerable to eating disorders
certain genes
44
What brain structure have biological theorists identified as related to eating disorders
hypothalamus
45
Term for weight level that a person is predisposed to maintain
weight set point
46
Term for important function of hypothalamus in in maintaining weight set point
weight thermostat
47
Under sociocultural theory, Societal pressures that affect eating disorders
western standards toward thinness and prejudice against obese people
48
Under sociocultural theory, The socially accepted prejudice against overweight people may also add to what societal pressure
"fear" and preoccupation about weight
49
Under sociocultural theory, A recent survey of adolescent girls tied eating disorders and body dissatisfaction to
Social networking, Internet activities, Television browsing
50
Under sociocultural theory, France, Israel, Spain, and Italy have banned _______ from working in the fashion industry
excessively thin models
51
Under sociocultural theory, France, Israel, Spain, and Italy models must obtain what in order to work
health certificate
52
Under sociocultural theory, France has banned what websites
pro-anorexia, "thinspiration“
53
Under sociocultural theory, What family influences may result in eating disorders
family history of emphasizing thinness, appearance, dieting, perfectionism
54
Under sociocultural theory, Sociocultural therapy term for family being overinvolved with each other, over-concerned with each others’ lives
enmeshed family patterns
55
Under sociocultural theory, gender differences in losing weight
men exercise, women diet
56
Males account for ____ percent of eating disorders
5-10 percent
57
Job and sport categories at risk for bulimia
jockeys and distance runners
58
Often male psychological problem referred to as reverse anorexia, in which males seel themselves as too small
muscle dysmorphobia
59
Two main goals of treating anorexia
correct dangerous eating patterns, address broader psychological factors
60
Three immediate aims of anorexia nervosa treatment
Regain lost weight, Recover from malnourishment, Eat normally again
61
In the past, preferred treatment for anorexia
hospitalizations
62
Three recent preferred treatment for anorexia
day hospital or outpatient, nutritional rehab, behavioral and cognitive therapy
63
Therapists help patients with anorexia nervosa do what 4 things
Recognize their need for independence and control, Recognize and trust their internal feelings, Change their attitudes about eating and weight, Correct disturbed cognitions and learn about body distortions using cognitive approaches
64
Behavioral approach to treating anorexia
monitor feelings, monitor hunger levels, track what they eat, write evaluations based on variables
65
Cognitive approach to treating anorexia
identify core pathology and change illogical beliefs
66
Cognitive term for client’s self-judgment over weight and ability to control these things
core pathology
67
Sociocultural family therapy does what two things for anorexia
addresses separation and boundaries (enmeshment), uses combined treatment approaches
68
Positive treatment outcomes for anorexia
weight gain, menstruation returns, death rate declines
69
Negative treatment outcomes for anorexia
25% remain troubled, recovery not always permanent, lingering emotional problems
70
Behavioral treatment approaches for bulimia
food diaries, Exposure and Response Prevention
71
Cognitive treatment for bulimia
change maladaptive attitudes, recognize binge urges and negative thoughts
72
Other forms of psychotherapy for bulimia
group therapy, family therapy, individual therapy
73
Biological drug therapy for bulimia
antidepressants
74
Preferred therapy approach for bulimia
combined, drugs plus other therapies
75
Aftermath of Bulimia Nervosa
left untreated can last for years, ruined teeth, cancer of esophagus
76
Relapses of bulimia are often triggered by
stress
77
Recovered bulimics are more likely to relapse when
they have had longer history of symptoms, vomited frequently, history of substance abuse, lingering interpersonal problems
78
Treatments for binge eating disorder are similar to what other disorder
bulimia
79
Therapies for binge eating disorder
behavioral therapy, group therapy, antidepressants
80
Additional treatments for binge eating disorder
treatments specific to obesity, emerging specialized treatments

Abnormal Psychology (13 decks)

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