Thyroid Physiology Flashcards
when does the thyroid start developing?
week 4
what is the residual area where the thyroid began called in an adult?
the foramen caecum
what does failure of development of the thyroid lead to?
congenital hypothyroidism
what does under migration of the thyroid lead to?
lingual thyroid
what does over migration of the thyroid lead to?
retrosternal thyroid
what does failure of the thyroglossal duct to regress cause?
thyroglossal cyst
what three things does the thyroid gland tissue secrete?
thyroxine (T4)
tri-iodothyronine (T3)
calcitonin
what do the parathyroid glands secrete?
parathyroid hormone
when does the thyroid increase in size?
pregnancy
menstruation
what nerves innervate the thyroid?
autonomics
para from vagus nerves
sympathetics from sympathetic trunk
what arteries supply the thyroid?
superior and inferior thyroid arteries
what are the thyroid arteries branches of?
the external carotid
what veins drain the thyroid gland?
superior, middle and inferior thyroid veins
where do the superior and middle thyroid veins drain?
internal jugular vein
where does the inferior thyroid vein drain?
the brachiocephalic vein
