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Y2 Endocrine > Anatomy - Pituitary > Flashcards

Anatomy - Pituitary Flashcards

1
Q

what is the diencephalon made of?

A

thalamus

hypothalamus

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2
Q

what attaches the hypothalamus to the pituitary gland?

A

the infundibulum

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3
Q

what is another name for the infundibulum?

A

pituitary stalk

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4
Q

what are the two parts of the pituitary gland?

A

anterior lobe

posterior lobe

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5
Q

what is another name for the anterior lobe of the pituitary?

A

adenohypophysis

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6
Q

what are the three parts of the anterior lobe of the pituitary?

A

pars distalis
pars tuberalis
pars intermedia

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7
Q

what is another name for the posterior lobe of the pituitary?

A

neurohypophysis

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8
Q

what hormones are released from the posterior lobe of the pituitary?

A

ADH

oxytocin

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9
Q

where are ADH and oxytocin synthesised?

A

the hypothalamus

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10
Q

where is the pituitary gland found?

A

the pituitary fossa of the sphenoid bone

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11
Q

where does the pituitary fossa lie?

A

the sella turcica

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12
Q

what does the pituitary gland lie immediately inferior to?

A

the optic chiasma

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13
Q

what artery runs either side of the pituitary gland?

A

internal carotid

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14
Q

what is CN II?

A

the optic nerve

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15
Q

what are the four fields of vision?

A

L+R temporal

L+R nasal

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16
Q

what forms the optic chiasma?

A

optic nerves

17
Q

what passes posteriorly from the optic chiasma?

A

the optic tracts

18
Q

what do the optic tracts become?

A

the optic radiations

19
Q

what visual defect can a pituitary adenoma cause?

A

bitemporal hemianopia

20
Q

what are the two possible surgical approaches to the pituitary gland?

A

transcranial

transphenoidal

21
Q

what are the paranasal sinuses?

A

air filled spaces within the bones surrounding the nasal cavities

22
Q

what are the four paranasal sinuses?

A

frontal
maxillary
ethmoidal air cells
sphenoidal

23
Q

what is an ostium?

A

a bony drainage

24
Q

how are facial fractures classified?

A

Le Fort fractures

25
Q

what are dural venous sinuses?

A

venous channels within dura mater that drain blood from the cranial cavity unto the internal jugular veins

26
Q

what surrounds the pituitary gland?

A

the cavernous and intercavernous sinuses

27
Q

what artery passes through the cavernous sinuses?

A

internal carotid

Y2 Endocrine (33 decks)

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