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Nursing > AP Ch 7 2.0 > Flashcards

AP Ch 7 2.0 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 5 functions of the skeletal system

A 
#1 support
#2 protection
#3 movement
#4 storage
#5 hematopoiesis
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2
Q

What are the 4 types of bone?

A

long, short, flat, irregular

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3
Q

the bones of the head, neck, and torso

A

axial skeleton

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4
Q

type of synovial joint in which the spherical end of one bone fits into a cuplike socket of another bone or structure. Shoulder joint and hip joint

A

ball-and-socket joint

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5
Q

small, cushion-like sac found alongside joints, cushioning moving bones

A

bursa

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6
Q

a hormone secreted by the thyroid that decreases calcium in the blood

A

calcitonin (CT)

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7
Q

an extremely narrow tubular passage or channel in compact bone

A

canaliculus

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8
Q

porous bone tissue found inside bone organs; also called trabecular bone

A

cancellous bone

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9
Q

any tube-like passage at the center of a structure, such as the canal running through the center of the spinal cord or through the center of each osteon in compact bone

A

central canal

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10
Q

the process of moving the distal end of a body part in a circular path

A

circumduction

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11
Q

ring of calcified matrix surrounding the Haversian canal

A

concentric lamella

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12
Q

ellipsoidal joint in which an oval process fits into an oval socket

A

condyloid joint

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13
Q

shaft of a long bone

A

diaphysis

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14
Q

freely moveable joint

A

diarthrosis

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15
Q

region of cancellous (spongy) bone within the wall of a flat bone of the cranium

A

diploe

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16
Q

the process in which most bones are formed from cartilage models

A

endochondral ossification

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17
Q

a fibrous membrane that lines the medullary cavity

A

endosteum

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18
Q

the cartilage plate between the epiphysis and the diaphysis that allows growth to occur; sometimes referred to as a growth plate

A

epiphyseal plate

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19
Q

end of a long bone

A

epiphysis

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20
Q

increasing the angle between two bones at a joint

A

extension

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21
Q

increasing the angle between two bones at a joint

A

extension

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22
Q

act of bending; decreasing the angle between two bones at the joint

A

flexion

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23
Q

the soft spot on an infant’s head, from which new bone develops; unossified areas in the infant skull

A

fontanel

24
Q

the least movable diarthroses joint. AN example is an articular process between vertebrae

A

gliding joint

25
Q

blood cell formation

A

hematopoiesis

26
Q

type of diarthroses synovial joint that allows movement around a single axis. Example is elbow joint.

A

hinge joint

27
Q

process by which most flat bones are formed within connective tissue membranes

A

intramembranous ossification

28
Q

holds two bones together

A

joint capsule

29
Q

space or cavity

A

lacuna

30
Q

hollow area inside the diaphysis of the bone that contains yellow bone marrow

A

medullary cavity

31
Q

___ joins bone to bone

A

ligament

32
Q

upper jaw bone

A

maxilla

33
Q

articular cartilage disk

A

meniscus

34
Q

a tiny and very thin epithelium lined cavity in the temporal bone that houses the ossicles

A

middle ear

35
Q

the large bony process of the ulna; commonly referred to as the top of the elbow

A

olecranon

36
Q

a large depression on the posterior surface of the humerus

A

olecranon fossa

37
Q

bone forming cell

A

osteoblast

38
Q

bone-dissolving cell

A

osteoclast

39
Q

inactive bone cell

A

osteocyte

40
Q

increases the concentration of calcium in the blood

A

parathyroid hormone (PTH)

41
Q

tough connective tissue covering the bone

A

periosteum

42
Q

type of diarthroses synovial joint in which a projection from one bone articulates with a ring or notch in another bone, allowing rotational movement

A

pivot joint

43
Q

bone marrow found in the ends of long bones and in flat bones; functions in the production of blood cells

A

red bone marrow

44
Q

movement around a longitudinal axis

A

rotation

45
Q

type of diarthrotic joint allowing movement in two different axis. Example, joint of thumb

A

saddle joint

46
Q

central keystone bone of the floor of the cranium; resembles a bat

A

sphenoid bone

47
Q

immovable joint

A

suture

48
Q

A joint in which fibrous connective tissue joins bones and holds them together tightly; commonly called suture

A

synarthrosis

49
Q

connective tissue membrane lining the spaces between bones and joints that secretes synovial fluid

A

synovial membrane

50
Q

tiny branchlike threads in a tissue, such as the beams of spongy bone, that surround a network of spaces

A

trabecula

51
Q

communicating canal between central (haversian) canals that contains vessels to carry blood to the osteons; also carries nerves and lymphatic vessels; also called the volkmann canal

A

transverse canal

52
Q

lipid-filled tissue found inside the medullary cavity of a long

A

yellow bone marrow

53
Q

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A

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54
Q

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A

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55
Q

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A

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56
Q

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A

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Nursing (79 decks)

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