Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Nursing > AP CH 14 > Flashcards

AP CH 14 Flashcards

1
Q

substance that, when introduced into the body, causes formation of antibodies against it

A

antigen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

immune cells that present antigens on their surface and thus allow recognition and reaction by other immune system cells

A

antigen-presenting cell (APC)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

a lymphocyte; when activated they develop into plasma cells, which secrete antibodies into the blood

A

B cells (B lymphocytes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

resistance to disease organisms resulting from the actions of cells; chiefly sensitized T cells

A

cell-mediated immunity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

process by which a substance attracts (or repels) cells or organisms into )or away from) its vicinity

A

chemotaxis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

an enlarged pouch on the thoracic duct that serves as a storage area for lymph moving toward its point of entry into the venous system

A

cisterna chyli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

antigen-binding site; any of the antigen receptor regions on antibody molecules; the shape of each combining site is complementary to the shape of a specific antigen

A

combining site

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

any of several inactive enzymes normally present in blood, which, when activated, kill foreign cells by dissolving them. They attract immune cells to a site of infection, activate immune cells, mark foreign cells for destruction, and increase the permeability of blood vessels. Also plays a vital role in producing the inflammatory response

A

complement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

rapid-fire series of chemical reactions involving proteins, called complements (normally present in blood plasma), which are triggered by certain antibody-antigen reactions (and other stimuli), and result in the formation of tiny protein rings that create holes in a foreign cell and thus cause its destruction

A

complement cascade

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

part of an antibody molecule that binds with complement proteins during certain immune responses

A

complement-binding site

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

chemical released from cells to trigger or regulate innate and adaptive immune responses

A

cytokine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

phagocytic cells with numerous branches in the immune system

A

dendritic cell (DC)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

a category of B or T lymphocytes that carries out active immune functions, in contrast to a memory cell that remains immunologically inactive

A

effector cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

any of the small lymphatic vessels that carry lymphatic fluid away from a lymph node

A

efferent lymphatic vessel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

immunity that is produced when antibodies prevent antigens from harming the body, also called antibody-mediated immunity

A

humoral immunity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

immune process produced in response to injury and resulting in redness, pain, heat, and swelling— also promoting the movement of white blood cells to the affected area

A

inflammatory response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

the protective mechanisms that provide immediate, nonspecific protection against any bacteria, toxin, or other injurious particle; also called nonspecific immunity

A

innate immunity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

small proteins produced by the immune system that inhibit viral multiplication

A

interferon (IF)

19
Q

any of several intracellular signals (cytokines) released by white blood cells (leukocytes); usually involved in immune responses

A

interleukin (IL)

20
Q

a lymphatic vessel located in each villus of the intestine; serves to absorb lipid materials from the chyme passing through the small intestine

A

lacteal

21
Q

mass of lymphoid tissue located in the mucous membrane at the base of the tongue

A

lingual tonsil

22
Q

watery fluid, formed in the tissue spaces, that returns excess fluid and protein molecules to the blood

A

Lymph

23
Q

performs biological filtration of lymph on its way to the circulatory system

A

lymph node

24
Q

any of the tiny blind-ended lymph-collecting tubes distributed in the tissue spaces

A

lymphatic capillary

25
Q

any of the vessels that carry lymph to its eventual return to the circulatory system

A

lymphatic vessel

26
Q

tissue that is responsible for manufacturing lymphocytes and monocytes; found mostly in the lymph nodes, thymus, and spleen

A

lymphoid tissue

27
Q

cell that remains in reserve in the lymph nodes until its ability to secrete antibodies is needed

A

memory cell

28
Q

type of lymphocyte that kills many types of tumor cells

A

natural killer cell (NK cell)

29
Q

either of a pair of lymphoid masses located behind and below the pillars of the fauces

A

palatine tonsil

30
Q

tonsils located on the posterior wall of the nasopharynx; when enlarged, referred to as adenoids

A

pharyngeal tonsils

31
Q

type of lymphocyte (B lymphocyte) white blood blood cell that secretes huge amounts of antibody into the blood

A

plasma cell

32
Q

short vessel into which lymphatic vessels from the right upper quadrant of the body empty lymph; the duct then empties the lymph into the circulatory system at the right subclavian vein

A

right lymphatic duct

33
Q

a system of biological defense with memory of a specific antigen and the ability to respond to that antigen, in contrast to the nonspecific nature of innate immunity; another name is adaptive immunity

A

Specific immunity

34
Q

largest lymphoid organ; filters blood, destroys won-out red blood cells, salvages iron from hemoglobin, and serves as a blood reservoir. Contains 500 mL (about 1 pint) of blood

A

spleen (the white pulp)

35
Q

white blood cell of the immune system that has undergone maturation in the thymus; produces cell-mediated immunity

A

T cell (T lymphocyte)

36
Q

largest lymphatic vessel in the body

A

thoracic duct

37
Q

family of hormones produced by the thymus that is viral to the development and functioning of the body’s immune system, particularly the development of T lymphocytes

A

thymosin

38
Q

occurs when an individual’s own immune system responds to an agent that produces and immune response regardless of whether that agent was naturally or artificially encountered

A

active immunity

39
Q

results when immunity to a disease that has developed in another individual or animal is transferred to an individual who was not previously immune

A

passive immunity

40
Q

(know) active immunity lasts much longer than passive immunity. Although passive immunity is temporary, it provides immediate protection

A

…

41
Q

(know) the innate, nonspecific immune responses are more rapid than specific immune responses, so they are often the “first responders” when threats occur in the body

A

…

42
Q

literally, glandlike; pharyngeal tonsils, are paired lymphoid structures in the nasopharynx

A

adenoid

43
Q

any small lymphatic vessel that carries lymphatic fluid toward a lymph node

A

afferent lymphatic vessel

44
Q

antibodies causing antigens to clump or stick together

A

agglutinate

Nursing (79 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions