micro

Question 1

mycoplasma pneumonia

Answer 1

• no cell wall
• tracheobronchitis and walking pneumonia
• elevated reticulocyte count
• increased LDH via cold agglutinins via IgM crosslinks, then compliment binding to RBC causes hemolysis

Question 2

e coli virulence factor

Answer 2

Lipid A - induces release of pyrogens (fever, hypotension, septic shock)

also P Fimbriae

Question 3

campylobacter jejuni

Answer 3

• gram negative comma shaped
• in intestinal tract of animals (undercooked chicken)
• bloody diarrhea
• oxidase positive
• reactive arthritis
• causes guillon barre - ascending paralysis
• autoimmune response causing demyelination(endometrial) of nerves (opposite of botulism)
• invasive

Question 4

neisseria pili

Answer 4

attaches to nasopharyngeal epithelial cells

Question 5

undergoes antigenic variation

Answer 5

neisseria

Question 6

HBsAG

Answer 6

chronic infection is >6 months

Question 7

anti HBsAg

Answer 7

confers long term immunity

Question 8

plasmodium falciparum

Answer 8

-malaria
-treat with atovaquone and proguinil
-peripheral blood smear with giemsa staining shows multiple small rings representing developing trophozoites

Question 9

yersinia pestis

Answer 9

safety pin appearance on staining

Question 10

pertussis toxin

Answer 10

bark like cough
causes increased intracellular cAMP through inactivation of Gi subunit

Question 11

green discharge from penis

Answer 11

neisseria gonhorrea

Question 12

rash on palms and soles

Answer 12

CARS

coxsackie A
rickettsia
syphilis

Question 13

multiple enhancing ring lesions

Answer 13

toxoplasmosis
treat with sulfazadine and pyrimethamine

Question 14

curved bacterium

Answer 14

h pylori
campylobacter
vibrio cholera

Question 15

steeple chase sign

Answer 15

croup

Question 16

hep b DNA

Answer 16

double stranded but transcribed into partially double stranded DNA

Question 17

thumbprint sign

Answer 17

epiglottis - ex haemophilius

Question 18

acute hepatitis A infection

Answer 18

spotty necrosis with hepacyte ballooning, eosinophilic apoptotic hepatocytes, with fever, anorexia, and dark colored urine

Question 19

Organism with Gamma hemolysis

Answer 19

Enterococcus, strep gallolyticus

Question 20

Organism bile soluble

Answer 20

Strep pneumonia

Question 21

Organism bile insoluble

Answer 21

Strep viridans

Question 22

Mulberry shaped intracytoplasmic inclusions

Answer 22

Erhlichia

Question 23

bacteriodes fragilis

Answer 23

anaerobic gram negative bacillus that can cause periappendiceal abscess

Question 24

virulence of bordatella pertussis

Answer 24

loss of ciliated respiratory epithelial cells

Question 25

methadone silver staining

Answer 25

pjp pneumonia

Question 26

blastomyces has ___ formation in the lungs

Answer 26

granuloma

Question 27

has a low infectious dose

Answer 27

shigella, because it can survive in acidic pH

Question 28

how to treat PJP pneumonia

Answer 28

TMP-SMX

Question 29

phospholipid splitting

Answer 29

clostridium perfringes

Question 30

blueberry muffin rash

Answer 30

congenital CMV

Question 31

sensorineural hearing loss in newborn

Answer 31

congenital CMV

Question 32

Toxoplasmosis congenital defects

Answer 32

Intracranial calcification, chorioretinitis, hydrocephalus

Question 33

bilateral, hemorrhagic necrosis of the inferior and medial temporal lobes

Answer 33

HSV encephalitis

Question 34

HIV protease inhibitors

Answer 34

Inhibit HIV protease from cleaving gag-pol polyproteins, results in formation of immature Non infectious virions due to impaired production of functional viral proteins

Question 35

VWF platelets

Answer 35

Normal

Question 36

babesiosis vector

Answer 36

ixodes tick - causes intraerythrocytic inclusions

Question 37

CMV retinitis is treated with

Answer 37

gancyclovir