biochem Flashcards
inhibition of beta oxidation
increases malonyl coA
carnitine shuttle
brings fatty acid into the mitochondria
imprinting
DNA is methylated
histone acetylation
removal of histones positive charge, relaxes DNA to increase transcription
purines
adenine
guanine
leflunomide
inhibits dihydroorotate synthesis
- treats rheumatoid arthritis
5 - fluorouracil
inhibits thymidine synthesis blocking dna replication
hydroxyurea
inhibits ribonucleotide reductase
methotrexate
Inhibits dihydrofloate reductase
lesch nyhan syndrome
-defective purine salvage due to absent HGPRT which converts hypoxanthine to IMP and guanine to GMP (free purine bases are recycled into nucelotides) then excreted as uric acid (high uric acid)
-intellectual disability, self mutilation, aggression, hyperuricemia (orange sand sodium rate crystals in diaper), gout- increased uric acid deposition in tissues, dystonia, macrocytosis
- x linked recessive
-treatment allopurinol
- increase in PRPP
arginase deficiency
- in the urea cycle
- spastic diplegia, abnormal movements, growth delay
- treat with low protein diet
flushing with alcohol use
due to acetaldehyde dehydrogenase
ketogenic amino acids
lysine
leucine
polyA tail
post transcriptional modification necessary for nuclear export
transcription occurs in the
nucleus, then needs its poly A tail and 5’ cap to exit the nucleus
