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p90x uworld > MSK uworld > Flashcards

MSK uworld Flashcards

1
Q

myasthenia gravis

A

episodic, gets worse over time

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2
Q

superior gluteal nerve injury

A

results in trendelenburg sign, opposite hip is raised

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3
Q

ankylosing spondylits

A

-up regulation of IL 17 and TNF a
- HLA B27
-inflammatory back and buttock pain
- pain at achilles tendon
-reduced chest expansion and spinal mobility

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4
Q

LAMP

A

lateral condyle to anterior tibia is ACL
medial condyle to posterior tibia is PCL

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5
Q

rib fracture can cause crepitus

A

due to penetration of visceral or parietal pleura and air leaking in

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6
Q

osteosarcoma commonly metastasizes to the

A

lung

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7
Q

spinal stenosis and posture dependent lower extremity pain

A

degenerative arthritis of the spine due to ligamentum flavum

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8
Q

maintains muscle force

A

Golgi tendon organ

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9
Q

infraorbital eye fracture

A

decreased sensation of upper lip, cheek, and gum due to the infraorbital nerve

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10
Q

nerves through superior orbital fissure

A

3,4,5,7

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11
Q

median nerve

A
  • injury results in pain and numbness in first 3 digits and lateral half of 4th, opposition of thumb and thumb flexion
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12
Q

osteoporosis

A

decreased bone formation, increased bone resporbtion

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13
Q

most common cancer of bone in children and old adults

A

osteosarcoma - malignant osteoblasts
increased alk phos, mostly around the knee, but at the metaphysis of long bones, associated with familial retinoblastoma, codman triangle and sunburst pattern on X-ray

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14
Q

lateral ankle sprain

A

talofibular ligament sprain, pain on inversion

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15
Q

rheumatoid arthritis

A

joint disruption characterized by synovial hyperplasia (pannus-granulation tissue and fibroblast like synovial cells), inflammatory infiltrate, and synovial angiogenesis

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16
Q

stiffness and fusion of the axial joints, most commonly sacroiliac joint

A

ankylosing spondylitis

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17
Q

osteoma

A

benign bony outgrowth associated with Gardner syndrome (colonic polyps).

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18
Q

osteoid osteoma

A

benign, painful, bony outgrowth with central nidus (looks like a nipple). associated with prostaglandins which make it painful ( “oo” like someone kicks you, and OO looks like a set of boobs). can treat with aspirin

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19
Q

osteoblastoma

A

benign NONpainful outgrown (no prostaglandins). central nidus (looks like a boob, b for boob)

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20
Q

osteochondroma

A

most common benign bone tumor

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21
Q

Ewing sarcoma

A

malignant, in children, onion skinning (ew an onion). associated with 11;22 translocation

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22
Q

osteosarcoma

A

associated with retinoblastoma, think osteosuncoma - sunburst appearance and conman triangle, can think the sun is RB for really bright to remember retinoblastoma

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23
Q

nerve blocked to repair inguinal hernias

A

ilioinguinal

24
Q

ligament injured when pulling on a baby/toddler’s arm when walking

A

annular ligament

25
Q

clubbed feet is an example of

A

deformation

26
Q

part of the spine involved in rheumatoid arthritis

A

cervical spine

27
Q

anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies

A

rheumatoid arthritis

28
Q

anti centromere antibodies

A

CREST syndrome

29
Q

anti jo

A

polymyositis

30
Q

prevents anterior movement of the tibia

A

ACL

31
Q

nerve that affects elbow flexion

A

musculocutaneous

32
Q

anicosoria

A

pupil asymmetry

33
Q

mcardle disease

A

myophosphorylase deficiency

34
Q

osteogenesis imperfecta

A

defect in type 1 collagen synthesis by osteoblasts, blue sclera, small malformed teeth

35
Q

weakness of arm abduction above 90 degrees

A

trapezius injury

36
Q

pseudo gout crystals

A
  • rhomboid, positive birefringence, blue when parallel
  • tx colchicine
37
Q

tyrosine hydroxylase converts

A

converts tyrosine to L-DOPA, the precursor to dopamine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine

38
Q

dopa decarboxylase

A

DOPA to dopamine

39
Q

phenylethanolamine n methyltransferase converts

A

norephineprine to epinephrine

40
Q

serotonin is made from

A

tryptophan with tetrahydrobiopterin

41
Q

Ewing sarcoma genetics

A

11;22 translocation

42
Q

desmin is found in

A

muscle

43
Q

antibodies against hemidesmosome

A

bullous pemphigoid

44
Q

trendelenburg gait

A

hip drop on contralateral side, due to nerve at superiomedial side of buttocks - to gluteus medius muscle

45
Q

Fibular fracture

A

Can’t dorsiflex, affects common peritoneal nerve

46
Q

muscle that abducts 30-100 degrees of the arm

A

deltoid

47
Q

don’t give statins with

A

fibrates

48
Q

first line of treatment for gouty arthritis

A

NAIDS/COX inhibitors

49
Q

long term risk of proton pump inhibitors PPIs

A

osteoporosis (because it decreases absorption of dietary calcium since calcium needs to be reabsorbed in an acidic environment).

50
Q

degenerative pain

A

relieved with rest

51
Q

neoplastic pain

A

doesn’t get better with rest, worse at night

52
Q

distinguishes between direct and indirect inguinal hernias

A

inferior epigastric vessels

53
Q

failure of the process vaginalis to obliterate

A

indirect inguinal hernia

54
Q

dermatomyositis

A
  • skin findings - gottron papules and heliotrope rash on the eyelids
  • muscle findings - proximal muscle weakness, elevated CK
  • anti Jo 1 antibodies
    -treat with glucocorticoids
55
Q

myasthenia gravis

A

Autoantibodies against the post synaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptor of the neuromuscular junction, blocks synapse transmission, muscle weakness gets worse over the day

56
Q

edrophonium

A

tests myasthenia gravis , if condition improves, then increase dose of medication

p90x uworld (23 decks)

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