1.1 chem Flashcards
(14 cards)
What are isotopes?
Isotopes are forms of atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons, but not neutrons in their nucleus.
This means that they have different atomic masses, but have the same chemical properties.
What are the four types of chemical bonds?
-Covalent bonds
-Ionic bonds
-Hydrogen bonds
-Van der Waals force bonds
What is the atomic number?
The number of protons, therefore also the number of electrons
How many electrons are in the first four shells?
2, 8, 18, 32
What is a molecule?
A molecule is the general term used to describe any atoms that are connected by chemical bonds.
What is a compound?
A compound is a molecule that contains more than one kind of atom.
What are the charges of the two types of ions?
Cation: positive
Anion: negative
What is a covalent bond?
A covalent bond is a chemical link between two atoms or ions in which the electron pairs are shared between them.
What is a polar bond?
A polar bond is a type of covalent bond, where the electrons being shared are not equally shared.
What is an electrostatic force?
An attractive as well as a repulsive force caused by the electrical charge of particles.
All elements that fall in the first three columns have how many valence electrons?
Group 1: 1
Group 2: 2
Group 3: 3
Groups 13-18 (except for helium, which has 2) have how many valence electrons?
Their group number minus 10
Ionic bonds hold together which types of atoms?
Metals and non-metals
What does it mean if an atom has a high electronegativity?
It means that the atom wants electrons badly.
