11.10 Flashcards
(25 cards)
What did early Greek armies mainly consist of?
They mainly consisted of foot soldiers recruited from the poor
What do historians believe foot soldiers fought with and why
historians believe foot soldiers fought with no more than stones and spears, as only wealthy soldiers could afford horses and better weapons
How did the type of conflict change as Greece developed?
Conflicts that were once fought in open areas became less frequent and assaults on walled cities became the main form of conflict.
What did the change of conflict in Ancient Greece require?
It required different strategies and weapons, as well as a different type of soldier.
Who were the hoplites and when did they originate
The hoplites were well trained foot soldiers with better armour and knowledge on battle tactics. The hoplites were produced by the Greek army from the 7th century BCE
What kind of army did each Greek city state have
Each city state had its own army of hoplites.
What happened to hoplites when war ended
In other city states, they went back to their regular lives and jobs.
However, Sparta was the only city state where the army was constantly on duty and ready to fight
What was the strength of the city states of Athens and Corinth
It was their navies
What was the main warships of Athens and Corinth known as? Why was it known as that?
They were called triremes because they had three rows of oarsmen on each side, one above the other.
Why was the Trireme built
So that it could sail close to the shore.
What was protruded from the bow of the Trireme?
A heavy battering ram was protruded from the bow of the Trireme
Why was a heavy battering ram protruded from the bow of the Trireme?
The idea was to ram this into the hull of an enemy vessel to sink it.
When did Sparta become a military state with a professional army
in the 7th century bce
Who had to be soldiers in Sparta
All citizens. All citizens had to be male. There were no other options for Spartan men
What evidence proves that all Spartans saw it as an honour to die for Sparta
Greek historian Plutarch (c. 46-120CE) recounts story of Spartan woman who accepted death of her 5 sons bc the battle was successful
What happened to weak or sick babies in Sparta
They were killed or left out in the open to die. That is why Spartan children were healthy and tough
What did Spartan famillies not have that Athens had in its Golden Age
They did not have luxuries or leisure time amongst family
What were Spartans driven by
Spartans were driven by military obligations or duties
Phalanx definition
A packed line of soldiers with shields and spears.
What devices did the Ancient Greeks develop that were capable of attacking and scaling fortifications
Battering rams- used to slam into weaker spots in a city’s fortifications, like wooden gates.
Catapults- Big slings that were designed to throw heavy rocks far away
Belfries- tall wooden towers on wheels. They protected attackers as they rolled toward city walls. Once close, soldiers inside could climb out and over the walls.
Which army was known as the best organised army in the world and why
The Romans were known as the best organised army in the world bc they used the devices and ideas that were capable of attacking and scaling fortifications
What thing might be consulted before a battle
Oracles
What was done to gods after and before a battle
Prayers and sacrifices were made to the gods both to plead for victory and to thank them for victories
What did stories about the Greek heroes become part of
They became part of the mythology of Ancient Greece
