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112-NBC Flashcards

(92 cards)

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0
Q

What color is the NBC chemical marker?

A

Yellow background with red text

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1
Q

What does NATO stand for?

A

North Atlantic Treaty Organization

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2
Q

What color is the NBC biological marker?

A

Blue background with red text

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3
Q

What color is the NBC radiological marker?

A

White background with black text “ATOM”

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4
Q

What color is the NBC chemical minefield marker?

A

Red background with yellow text “Gas Mines” and stripe

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5
Q

What shape are the NBC contamination markers?

A

​Right isosceles triangle 90/45/45 11x8”

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6
Q

What does the M40 FPM consist of?

A

​Faceblank, filter canister, dual voicemitter assemblies, ​inlet/outlet valves and water drinking system

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7
Q

How is an NBC attack expressed vocally?

A

​GAS-GAS-GAS

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8
Q

How is an NBC attack expressed visually?

A

​Arms extended, fist to ears 3 times as the word GAS is ​said

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9
Q

How is an NBC attack expressed by percussion?

A

​Metal on metal, metal triangles, sirens, intermittent ​horns

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10
Q

Where should your rifle be placed when donning a FPM?

A

Between legs

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11
Q

Where should headgear be placed when donning FPM?

A

On rifle

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12
Q

What piece should be covered on the FPM to clear it?

A

The outlet valve

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13
Q

The M40 FPM is designed to protect the wearer from what 2 things?

A

​Field concentrations of chemical and biological agents

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14
Q

The FPM should be donned, cleared, and sealed within what time frame?

A

​9 Seconds + 6 Sec to put hood in place

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15
Q

What lead to the concept of MOPP?

A

​The need to balance protection with the threat, ​temperature, and urgency of the mission

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16
Q

Commanders can adjust the MOPP protection through how many levels?

A

6

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17
Q

What is “MOPP ready”?

A

When mask is carried

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18
Q

What is MOPP level 0?

A

​MOPP gear available but not warn

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19
Q

How long does it take to use M256A1

A

Approximately 15 minutes

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20
Q

What advantage does M256A1 have over M8 and M9?

A

​Can detect a greater number of agents to include vapor ​hazards

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21
Q

How many rolls of M9 tape are issued to a squad?

A

1

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22
Q

Where is M9 tape worn?

A

​Ankles, wrists and biceps outside protective clothing

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23
Q

What is the purpose of M9 tape?

A

​Detect presence of chemical agents but not identify it

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24
What is M9 tape is primarily used on?
Barely visible drops
25
What color will M9 tape turn once in contact with contamination?
​Light pink, reddish brown or violet tint
26
What is M8 paper primarily used on?
Suspected liquid forms
27
How much M8 paper should be used to test liquid?
Half sheet if perforated
28
What can some decontaminants produce on M8 paper?
False positives
29
What are the 3 levels of decontamination?
​Immediate, operational, thorough
30
What are the 3 immediate decon techniques?
​Skin decon, personnel wipe down, operators spray ​down
31
What are the 2 operational decon techniques?
​Vehicle wash down, MOPP gear exchange
32
What are the 3 thorough decon techniques?
​Detailed troop, detailed equipment, detailed aircraft
33
During a nuclear attack one should lay down with the head in what direction?
Toward the blast
34
During a nuclear attack one should lay face down for how long?
​90 Seconds or until debris has stopped falling
35
What are the physical characteristics of nerve agents?
​Odorless, almost colorless liquids, varying greatly in ​viscosity and volatility
36
Nerve agents can penetrate cloth in what form?
Liquid or vapor
37
What material is resistant to nerve agents?
​Butyl rubber and synthetics such as polyester
38
What do nerve agents inhibit?
​Normal transmission of nerve impulses in the ​parasympathetic autonomic nervous system
39
Nerve agent reaction with cholinesterase tends to be __________?
Irreversible
40
When will nerve agents cause the pupils to constrict?
When intoxicated by vapor
41
When will nerve agents cause local muscular twitching?
Exposure to skin
42
Nerve agent antidotes should not be given for what purpose?
Preventative
43
Service members are issued how many 2mg atropine auto injectors?
3
44
Service members are issued how many 600mg 2-PAM CL auto injectors?
3
45
Atropine should be administered how frequently?
​Every 15 minute until atropinization occurs (noted by ​tachycardia and dry mouth)
46
What will Atropine alone not relieve?
Respiratory muscle failure
47
Pralidoxime chloride is used to regenerate what?
​Blocked cholinesterase
48
Atropine should be held firmly at the injection site for at least how long?
10 seconds
49
Nonmedical personnel may give how many sets of 2-PAM CL?
​Three at 15 minute intervals PRN
50
What are the three common blister agents?
​Mustard (HD), Nitrogen Mustard (HN), Lewisite (L)
51
When do mustards manifest symptoms?
​Several hours after exposure
52
What do mustards attack?
​Eyes, respiratory tract, skin
53
Treatment for mustard?
​None (supportive in nature)
54
What are the physical characteristics of mustard (blister) agents?
​Oily, colorless, or pale yellow liquids, sparingly soluble ​in water. HN less volatile and more persistent than HD
55
Photophobia is caused by what agent?
Mustard (blister)
56
Mustard causes blistering in what time frame?
12-48 hours
57
Lewisite is an ________________?
Arsenical
58
What are the physical characteristics of Lewisite?
​Light to dark brown liquid that vaporizes quickly
59
When does a lewisite cause intense pain?
Upon contact
60
A 30% solution of sodium sulfacetamide may be used within 24hrs to combat what?
​Eye infection caused by Lewisite
61
When is British Anti-Lewisite indicated?
​Systemic involvement of Lewisite
62
What is available in a peanut oil suspension for injection?
Dimercaperol
63
Greater than 3mg of BAL will cause what?
Severe symptoms
64
What do blood agents interfere with?
​Enzyme functions i.e. block oxygen transfer
65
What is the blood agent AC?
Hydrocyanic acid
66
What is the blood agent CK?
Cyanogen chloride
67
When are blood agents in a gaseous state?
​Normal temperatures and pressures
68
When do violent convulsions occur after exposure to blood agents?
20-30 seconds
69
What are the 2 suggested antidotes for blood agents?
​Amyl nitrite, sodium thiosulfate
70
What odor is associated with blood agents?
Almonds
71
How is amyl nitrite used?
​2 ampules crushed in hand and held at victims nose (repeated up to 8 ampules)
72
How is sodium thiosulfate administered?
​100-200 mg/kg IV over 9 minutes (speed is key)
73
State four choking agents:
​Phosgene (CG) - most common, Chlorine (CL), ​Chloropicrin, Diphosgene
74
What are the physical characteristics of choking agents?
​Colorless gas, smells like new mown hay or cut grass
75
When exposed to a choking agent there may be no symptoms for up to how long?
2-6 hours
76
What is the treatment for choking agents?
Complete bed rest
77
Incapacitating agents are mainly comprised of what?
Psycho chemicals
78
How are incapacitating agents administered?
​Contaminating food/water, released as aerosols
79
How soon do the first symptoms appear when exposed to incapacitating agents?
30 minutes to several hours
80
What is the standard incapacitant in the US?
​3-quinuclidinyl benzilate (BZ)
81
What is the drug of choice for incapacitating agents?
​Physostigmine (results show in 4 hours but must be continued)
82
What are two categories of harassing agents?
​Lacrimators/Vomiting agents
83
What are two types of tear gas?
​Chloracetophenone (CN), orthochlorobenzilidine malanonitrile (CS) -more potent
84
What are the 3 principle vomiting agents?
​Adamsite (DM), diphenylchloroarsine (DA), diphenylcyanoarsine (DC)
85
How are vomiting agents released?
Aerosols
86
What are S/S of vomiting agents?
​Strong pepper-like irritation in upper respiratory tract. ​Burning in nose/throat, hypersalivation, headache
87
Why do victims of vomiting agents tend to remove their mask?
​Symptoms increase for several minutes in spite of ​adequate protection
88
How should duties be carried out when exposed to vomiting agents?
As vigorously as possible
89
What first aid is given for vomiting agents?
​Wash and rinse with water, mild analgesic may be ​given for headache (recovery within 1-3 hrs)
90
What are the characteristics of white phosphorus (WP)?
​Pale, waxy solid that ignites on contact with air which ​gives off a hot dense smoke composed of phosphorus ​pentoxide particles
91
What treatment should be rendered when burning particles of (WP) embed in the skin.
​Covered with water, a wet cloth or mud. A 0.5% ​solution ​of copper sulfate may be used as a rinse but ​not a dressing

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