Transplantation Immunology

Question 1

Syngeneic?

Answer 1

Same genetic background

Question 2

Isograft?

Answer 2

Between genetically identical individual

Question 3

Reactivity against non self MHC is high up?

Answer 3

10% of T cells

Question 4

Allogeneic?

Answer 4

Same species, but different genetic background

Question 5

Autologous means?

Answer 5

Identical individual

Question 6

Allograft?

Answer 6

To a genetically disparate member of the same species

Question 7

Autograft?

Answer 7

To another site on the individual

Question 8

Xenografts is?

Answer 8

Different species

Question 9

What is the basic method of transplantation?

Answer 9

Warm ischaemia time:
Interruption of organ blood supply and removal

Cold ischaemic time: perfusion with cold preservation solution and put it into recipient

Warm ischaemic time: reconnect blood supply
Repercussion of the graft

Question 10

Warm and cold ischaemic time induce?

Answer 10

Heat chock protein expression and other stress induced molecules

Question 11

Reperfusion of ischaemic organ causes?

Answer 11

Reperfusion damage as a result of endothelial activation

Question 12

Recognising self MHC is. In the order of ?

Answer 12

1/10,000 to 1/100,000

Question 13

Reactivity to non self MHC is high up to?

Answer 13

10% of T cells

Question 14

Anaphylatoxins C3a and c5a can cause?

Answer 14

Leukocyte recruitment and T cell allo-responses

Question 15

Activated endothelial cells can interact with?

Answer 15

P-selection with P selection glycoprotein ligand 1

This will recruit monocytes which will differentiate into cd68 macrophages that infiltrate subendothelial space

Question 16

Chimerism?

Answer 16

Parallel existence of 2 mutually tolerant immune systems

Question 17

Which locus are considered when matching?

Answer 17

A, B and DR

Question 18

Cross matching?

Answer 18

Test in which washed donor cells are incubated in recipient serum, antibody binding is detected

Question 19

What are advantaged and dis of complement detection

Answer 19

1. Detects only complement binding and functional antibodies

2. Less sensitivity risk of false negatives

Question 20

Staining of antibodies bound to recipient cells disadvantage?

Answer 20

Detects all bound antibodies including non functional one or can be modified to stain complement fixing antibodies only

Higher risk of false positive

Question 21

Immunosuppresson sites?

Answer 21

Anti CD3 on TCR
Cyclosporin A inhibits calcineurin, inhibition of cytokine synthesis

CTLA-4 igG
Anti-CD154

Azathiprine- inhibits DNA synthesis, so inhibits clonal expansion

Leflunomide
Glucocorticoids- NF-kB

Question 22

Will you need HLA matching for cadaver if limbs penis etc?

Answer 22

Yes

Complication, yes

Question 23

Do you need HLA matching for liver?

Answer 23

No

Complications, frequent