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KMMS > SCP2 MSI > Flashcards

SCP2 MSI Flashcards

1
Q

Nail fold infarcts are a sign of _________ such as SLE

A

vasculitis

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2
Q

_________ deformity – distal part of limb deviates away from midline

A

Valgus

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3
Q

_________ deformity – distal part of limb moves toward midline

A

Varus

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4
Q

increased anteroposterior flexion of the spine

A

Kyphosis

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5
Q

What is the screening tool used by non-specialists to assess MSK concerns?

A

GALS

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6
Q

What are the three GALS screening questions that should be incorporated into your systems review when history taking?

A

Have you any pain or stiffness in your muscles, joints or back?
Can you dress yourself completely without any difficulty?
Can you walk up AND down stairs without difficulty?

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7
Q

What are the 4 Phases of Gait?

A

Heel Strike Mid Stance Toe Off Swing phase

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8
Q

Supraspinatus hyperalgesia is part of the GALS screening test and is a sign of

A

fibromyalgia

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9
Q

A grating sensation or noise from the joint and indicates irregularity of the articular surfaces. Its presence suggests chronicity (eg OA)

A

Joint crepitus

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10
Q

Skin tightening/calcinosis can be a sign of

A

scleroderma

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11
Q

Inspection of hand joints: look for
Deformity, eg. Ulnar deviation/Swan neck/Boutonniere/Z shaped thumb
Swollen joints, wrists/MCPs/PIPs/DIPs
Rheumatoid nodules
OA Nodes, ___________(DIPs)/___________PIPs)
Tophi (gout)

A

Heberden’s, Bouchard’s

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12
Q

Nail fold infarcts/ Splinter Haemorrhages can be signs of

A

vasculitis

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13
Q

Boutnniere’s and swan neck deformaties both occur in __________ disease

A

rheumatoid

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14
Q

Bony protrusions around the DIP and PIP joints indicate

A

OA

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15
Q

To calculate a Disease Activity Score (DAS) for ___ we record the number of Swollen and the number of Tender joints and combine this with the ESR and Visual Analog Score

A

RA

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16
Q

The median nerve supplies sensation to the thenar eminence and motor supply to which two/three muscles?

A

Abductor pollicis brevis and opponens pollicis (also flexor pollicis brevis)

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17
Q

The radial nerve supplies motor supply to the finger, thumb, and wrist extensors as well as the brachioradialis muscle. Where does the radial nerve supply sensation?

A

The first dorsal web space

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18
Q

The ulnar nerve supplies motor function to the small mm of the hand (except abductor pollicis brevis) and the ulnar half of flexor digitorum profundus, and flexor carpi ulnaris. Where does the ulnar nerve supply sensation in the hand?

A

Hypothenar eminence and medial 1.5 fingers

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19
Q 
Stability of the shoulder is maintained by:
Supraspinatus – \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Infraspinatus – external rotation
Teres minor – external rotation
Subscapularis – internal rotation
A

abduction

20
Q

Winging of the scapula results from Pathology of the long thoracic nerve which innervates

A

serratus anterior

21
Q

If a movement can be achieved passively but not actively – suggests pathology in the nerve, tendon or muscle but not the _______

A

joint

22
Q

How do you test the function of subscapularis?

A

To test internal rotation against resistance, ask patient to put their hand on their back, place your hand on theirs and ask them to lift it off

23
Q

What does a positive “Popeye sign” indicate?

A

If long head of biceps is ruptured – muscle bunches distally causing a bulge

24
Q

One test for shoulder impingement is

A

Hawkins-Kennedy test

25
Q

Abnormal hair tufts at the base of the spine could be a sign of

A

spina bifida occulta

26
Q

Flexion and extension of the cervical spine mainly comes from which joint?

A

Atlanto-occipital (C1-occiput)

27
Q

Rotation of the cervical spine mostly comes from which joint?

A

Atlanto-axial (C1 rotating on dens of C2)

28
Q

Which special test measures forward flexion of the spine? What is a normal finding?

A

Schoeber’s test. On forward flexion, line drawn should lengthen to >20cm (more than 5cm of increase).

29
Q

** Most important special test for neural irritation (query sciatica)?

A

Straight Leg raise

Tests for neural tension in lumbosacral roots by stretching the sciatic nerve (roots L4-S3)

30
Q

Extension and forced-dorsiflexion further stretches the sciatic nerve increasing the pain of sciatica/nerve irritation in which special test?

A

Bragard’s test

31
Q

What is a positive femoral stretch test?

A

If there is tension on the femoral nerve roots (L2-L4) pain will radiate down the anteromedial border of the thigh/groin

32
Q

To measure true leg length, a measuring tape is extended from the medial malleolus to each __________

A

ASIS

33
Q

To measure apparent leg length, a measuring tape is extended from the medial malleolus to the __________

A

xiphisternum

34
Q

Palpation over the greater trochanter of the femur for pain from trochanteric

A

bursitis

35
Q

To accurately assess the flexion we use Thomas’ Test. If the contralateral hip starts to rise during deep flexion it indicates the loss of ___________. This is referred to as a fixed flexion deformity (FFD) of the hip

A

extension

36
Q

Trendelenburg’s test:

During the single-leg phases of gait (i.e. after toe off, swing, before heel strike) the ___________ abductors of the hip contract to keep the pelvis level.
This aids in stability of the trunk and allows the unsupported leg to clear the ground as it swings.

If the abductors are injured or deficient then they cannot stabilise the pelvis. During gait, the ___________ leg will drop when it is unsupported because of weakness of the ipsilateral abductors (abductor palsy)

A

contralateral, contralateral

remember, “the sound side sags”

37
Q

A ffluid-filled mass in the posterior (esp. posteromedial) aspect of the knee could be due to a

A

Baker’s cyst

38
Q

Burisitis of the knee:

Pre-patellar bursa – “___________” knee
Infrapatellar bursa – “__________” knee

A

housemaids

clergymans

39
Q

The special test to check the integrity of the ACL is the

A

anterior draw test

40
Q

A positive “J-sign” (special test in the knee) is a sign of

A

patellar maltracking

41
Q

What bone is the “keystone” for the transverse arch of the foot?

A

The second metatarsal

Also remember that the talus is keystone for the Medial longitudinal arch of the foot

42
Q

The “too many toes” sign on inspection of the foot indicates

A

pes planus- flat foot and collapse of the midfoot arches

43
Q

Adult-acquired flat foot is due to a deficiency in which muscle?

A

Tibialis posterior

44
Q

Special test for tibialis posterior function?

A

Heel raises- If the tibialis posterior tendon is functional then the hindfoot valgus will disappear during heel raise

45
Q

History of ankle instability and laxity on anterior draw suggests ______ injury in high ankle sprains

A

ATFL

46
Q

Special test for Achilles tendon integrity?

A

Simmonds test (gastroc squeeze)

47
Q

Silfverskiold’s test
If dorsiflexion in full leg extension is limited, bend the knee to 90 and re-test.
Should be able to reach 15 deg dorsiflexion.
Mismatch suggests ________ contracture.
If the same = Achilles contracture

A

Gastroc

KMMS (58 decks)

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