12 - The National Strategy on the Prevention of HBV, HCV andHCC Flashcards

1
Q

How many people worldwide are living with viral hepatitis?

A

1 in 12

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2
Q

HBV and HCV cause what percentage of cirrhosis worldwide?

A

57%

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3
Q

HBV and HCV cause what percentage of HCC worldwide?

A

78%

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4
Q

What is the leading infectious cause of death in the USA?

A

Viral hepatitis

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5
Q

How much money per year is spent on liver disease?

A

$5 - 10 billion

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6
Q

Goals for attacking this shit

A

Increase proportion aware of their HBV status to 66%
Increase proportion aware of their HCV status to 66%
Reduce new HCV infections by 25%
Eliminate mother-to-child HBV transmisison

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7
Q

Prevention strategies

A

Immunization
Screening
Behavioral Counseling
Chemoprevention

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8
Q

Levels of disease prevention

A

Primary:
Prevents disease from occurring
Vaccination

Secondary:
Catch early, halt progression
Screening for cancers

Tertiary:
Prevent deterioration
Eliminating allergens from asthma patients

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9
Q

HBV Vaccine

A

Introduced in 1982
Safe & >90% effective
Recommended for newborns of HBV-infected mothers
Universally for infants in the US since 1991
Adolescents
High risk groups (IVDU, dialysis, etc)
Anyone with chronic liver disease

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10
Q

HBV Screening

A

HBsAG

Recommended for those at high risk

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11
Q

HBV Chemoprevention

A

Post-exposure Prophylaxis

Hepatitis B Immune Globulin (HBIG) AND HBV Vaccine

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12
Q

Hepatocellular Carcinoma

A

5th most common cancer worldwide
3rd most common cause of cancer death worldwide
Super closely linked to HBV
INCREASING prevalence worldwide

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13
Q

HCC Prevention Guidelines

A
Ultrasound every 6 months
Blood Test: Alpha Fetoprotein (AFP)
Glycoprotein elevated in patients with HCC
Not good for screening
Good for following course
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14
Q

HCC Screening

A

Actually prevented HCC-related mortality!!!!

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15
Q

HCC Screening Test

A

We aren’t using it nearly enough

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16
Q

Toxins related to HCC

A

Aflatoxin (mycotoxin contaminating corn, soybeans, peanuts)

Contaminated drinking water (pond shit)

17
Q

HCC - Chemoprevention

A

Antiviral Treatment (HBV & HCV)

18
Q

Increased Coffee Consumption

A

Protects against HCC