Haemolytic disease of the newborn Flashcards
main cause of haemolytic disease of the new born
maternal antibodies produced in response to paternally derived D abtigens on fetal red blood cells
type of antibodies produced by mother(1) and against what (1)
IgG
agasint RhD antigen
what is the consequence of haemolytic aneamia and can lead to what if untreated
porgressive fetal aenmia
untreated-> hydrops fetalis (collection of fluid in serious compartments) and death
Symptoms of haemlytic disease of newborn (3)
HSM
Palor
jaundice of amniotic fluid, umbilical cord, eyes, skin
risk factors for maternal sensitatsation to RhD antigen (6)
hisotry of delivery of Rh-postive fetus to Rh-negative mother
fetomateral haemorrhage
invaseive fetal procedures
plaental trauma
abortion
multiparity
no Rh immunoprophylazxis
Investigations for Rh incompatibility (2)
maternal blood type
maternal serum Rh antibody screen
differentials for Rh incompatibilitiy (3)
non-immune fetal hydrops
parovirus infection
non-Rhd haemolytic disease
screening of Rh incompatibliity
at first antenatal visit - ABO blood type and Rh antibody screening recommended for all preganant women
Treatment for Rh incompaitbility (2)
anti-D immunoglobulin
intravasular intrauterine blood transfusions
when is treatment for Rh incompatiblity given (4)
massive haemorrhage or vaginal bleeding
after amniocentesis or chronic villus sampling
> 40 weeks gestation
rfetus Rhd Psotive or unkonw RhD status
complications of Rh incompatility (5)
hyperbilirubinaemia and kernicterus (brain damage from high bilirubin)
transfusion related fetal brady cardia
transfusion related neurodevelopmental abnormaliteis
fetal and neontal hydrops
neonatal aneamia
