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CLS 306 > Blood Bank Lab 1 > Flashcards

Blood Bank Lab 1 Flashcards

1
Q

what Ag are on a RBC with blood type A

A

A

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2
Q

what Ag are on a RBC with blood type B

A

b

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3
Q

what Ag are on a RBC with blood type AB

A

A and B

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4
Q

what Ag are on a RBC with blood type O

A

none

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5
Q

what Ab are in plasma with blood type A

A

anti B

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6
Q

what Ab are in plasma with blood type B

A

anti A

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7
Q

what Ab are in plasma with blood type AB

A

none

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8
Q

what Ab are in plasma with blood type O

A

anti A and anti B

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9
Q

what sugar defines type O blood

A

fucose

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10
Q

what sugar defines type A blood

A

N- acetylgalactosamine

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11
Q

what sugar defines type B blood

A

galactose

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12
Q

what part of the blood is used for ABO blood type testing

A

RBC and plasma/serum (both required)

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13
Q

what part of the blood is used during forward type testing

A

RBC

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14
Q

what part of the blood is used during reverse type testing

A

plasma/ serum

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15
Q

what is the order of blood parts when it is centrifuged (top to bottom)

A

plasma, WBC & platelets, and RBC

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16
Q

what immunoglobulin is in Anti a reagent

A

IgM

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17
Q

what color is anti a reagent

A

blue

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18
Q

what color is anti b reagent

A

yellow

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19
Q

what causes agglutination in a forward type test

A

anti ab reacting with ag on pt RBC

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20
Q

Grade: type O blood + anti A (forward rxn)

A

0

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21
Q

Grade: type O blood + anti b (forward rxn)

A

0

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22
Q

Grade: type O blood + anti A,B (forward rxn)

A

0

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23
Q

Grade: type A blood + anti A (forward rxn)

A

4+

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24
Q

Grade: type A blood + anti b (forward rxn)

A

0

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25
Q

Grade: type A blood + anti A, b (forward rxn)

A

4+

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26
Q

Grade: type B blood + anti A (forward rxn)

A

0

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27
Q

Grade: type B blood + anti b (forward rxn)

A

4+

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28
Q

Grade: type B blood + anti A,b (forward rxn)

A

4+

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29
Q

Grade: type AB blood + anti A (forward rxn)

A

4+

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30
Q

Grade: type AB blood + anti b (forward rxn)

A

4+

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31
Q

Grade: type AB blood + anti A, b (forward rxn)

A

4+

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32
Q

Grade: type O blood + A1 cells (reverse rxn)

A

4+

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33
Q

Grade: type O blood + B cells (reverse rxn)

A

4+

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34
Q

Grade: type A blood + A1 cells (reverse rxn)

A

0

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35
Q

Grade: type A blood + B cells (reverse rxn)

A

4+

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36
Q

Grade: type B blood + A1 cells (reverse rxn)

A

4+

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37
Q

Grade: type B blood + B cells (reverse rxn)

A

0

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38
Q

Grade: type AB blood + A1 cells (reverse rxn)

A

0

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39
Q

Grade: type AB blood + B cells (reverse rxn)

A

0

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40
Q

how do you label tubes during a ABO blood type test

A

last 3 digits of pt ID # with A or B

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41
Q

do you use capital or lowercase A and B for labeling the reverse rxn

A

lowercase

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42
Q

do you add the reagents or RBC last during an ABO blood type test

A

RBC

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43
Q

T or F: pt’s RBC need to be diluted before ABO testing

A

T

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44
Q

what color should the RBC be after diluting

A

similar color to A1 and B cell reagents

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45
Q

does the Rh blood group have naturally occurring abs

A

no

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46
Q

if you have the rh ag “D” what does this mean

A

rh pos

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47
Q

if you get a neg rh what has to be done

A

37 degree C incubation phase and AHG testing phase

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48
Q

what immunoglobulin is rh ab

A

IgG

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49
Q

what rh ag typing reagent has limited availability; expensive; and lengthy incubation time

A

saline reactive

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50
Q

can you use saline reactive reagent with a weak D

A

no

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51
Q

what rh ag typing reagent increase the likelihood of false pos

A

high protein

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52
Q

what has to be run with a high protein rh reagent

A

manufacturers control

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53
Q

can you use high protein rh reagent with a weak D

A

yes

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54
Q

what rh ag typing reagent relaxes ab molecule by breaking disulfide bonds. ab span distance between RBC in low protein medium

A

chemically. modified

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55
Q

can chemically. modified rh reagent be used with weak d

A

yes

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56
Q

what rh ag typing reagent hybridize to increase ab production and ab strength

A

monoclonal

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57
Q

if a pt is weak D pos what are they considered

A

rh pos

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58
Q

can you give weak d blood to a d neg pt

A

no

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59
Q

what do expecting mothers need to be tested for

A

weak d

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60
Q

can you give d neg blood to a weak d pt

A

yes

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61
Q

if d tube rxn is pos and rh control is neg cell are considered _____

A

rh pos

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62
Q

if d tube rxn is neg and rh control is neg preform _____ ______

A

du testing

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63
Q

what are the 2 most important blood group when transfusing

A

ABO and Rh

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64
Q

what 2 genes make up the lewis system

A

H and Se

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65
Q

what ag are dectected in saliva

A

Lea and Leb

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66
Q

what chain are lewis ags expressed on

A

type 1

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67
Q

lewis ag are passively _____ onto RBCs from ______

A

absorbed; plasma

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68
Q

what is the most common lewis phenotype

A

Le (a- b+)

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69
Q

what lewis phenotype has lewis abs

A

Le (a- b-)

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70
Q

why do pregnant women have lewis abs

A

they lose their lewis phenotype during pregnancy

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71
Q

what kind of immunoglobulin are lewis abs

A

IgM

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72
Q

are lewis Ab clinically significant

A

no

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73
Q

what kind of ab can be induced by. pregnancy and transfusion

A

anti-K

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74
Q

def? developed ab when exposed to blood

A

alloantibody

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75
Q

t or f: anti k is rare

A

t

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76
Q

what is the most common kell phenotype

A

K- k+

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77
Q

what kind of immunoglobulin is anti- K

A

IgG

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78
Q

is anti- K clinically significant

A

yes

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79
Q

does anti- K bind to C’

A

no

80
Q

what ags are the most important in routing blood bank serology

A

duffy

81
Q

what are the 2 Duffy ags

A

Fya and Fyb

82
Q

what ags are developed as early as 6 weeks gestational age and fully developed at birth

A

duffy

83
Q

what kind of Duffy phenotype is resistant to malaria

A

Fy(a- b-)

84
Q

what kind of malaria are Fy(a-b-) resistant to

A

P. vivax

85
Q

what is the most common Duffy ab

A

anti-Fya

86
Q

what kind of immunoglobin are Duffy abs

A

IgG

87
Q

what kind of ab shows dosage (3)

A

duffy, MNS, and kidd

88
Q

what kind of HTR are associated with Duffy abs

A

acute and delayed

89
Q

what are the ags of the Kidd system

A

Jka and Jkb

90
Q

T or F: Kidd ags are not very immunogenic

A

T

91
Q

what kind of alleles are Jka and Jkb

A

codominate allleles

92
Q

T or F: Kidd abs are very common

A

F

93
Q

what kind of immunglobin are Kidd abs

A

IgG

94
Q

if someone has a delayed HTR to Kidd abs what color will their plasma be

A

smokey gray

95
Q

T or F: Kidd abs cause HDFN

A

F

96
Q

what special ab do people with Jk(a-b-) phenotype have

A

anti-Jk3

97
Q

which one of the Kidd ab can cause HTR and HDFN

A

anti-Jk3

98
Q

where are M and N ags found

A

on glycophorin A

99
Q

where are S and s ags found

A

glycophorin B

100
Q

what sytem do these ags belong to M, N, S, and s

A

MNS

101
Q

T or F: MNS ags are well developed at birth

A

T

102
Q

what MNS abs are naturally occurring

A

anti-M

103
Q

what immunoglobin is the most common form of anti-M

A

IgM

104
Q

what MNS ab is more common in children and pts with bacterial infections

A

anti-M

105
Q

what ab is made from M+N-

A

anti-N

106
Q

what is the most common form of anti-N

A

IgM

107
Q

what kind of immunoglobulins are anti-S/s

A

IgG

108
Q

what test has this principle: based on antihuman globulins obtained from immunized non-human species bind to human globulins

A

Coombs/antiglobulin test

109
Q

what does the Coombs test detect

A

sensitized RBC

110
Q

what is polyspecific reagent contain

A

human IgG and C3d

111
Q

what is monospecific reagent contain

A

either anti-IgG or anti-C3b/d

112
Q

what will occur if the RBC are not washed properly during the Coombs test

A

false neg

113
Q

what kind of antiglobilin test detects in vivo sensitized RBC

A

direct

114
Q

what kind of antiglobilin test detects in vitro sensitized RBC

A

indirect

115
Q

what does a varied reaction strength suggest during Ab testing

A

more than 1 ab is present or dosage

116
Q

what are the 3 types of Ab id methods

A

tube test, column agglutination, and solid phase

117
Q

T or F: you can use different Ab id methods for initial and ab detection tests

A

F

118
Q

what does a neg auto control mean in an ab id test

A

suggest alloantibody is present

119
Q

what does a pos auto control mean in an ab id test

A

suggest transfusion rxn or autoantibody.

120
Q

what is the exception to the rule if anti-D is present

A

exclude anti-C and anti-E

121
Q

when is a X match done on a pt

A

when they need a transfusion

122
Q

what does the donor questioner ask

A

healthy? info correct? pregnant? mediation? traveled? vaccines?

123
Q

how much does someone have to weigh to donate blood

A

greater than 110 lbs

124
Q

how often can you donate blood

A

every 2 months

125
Q

how often can you donate platelets

A

every 7 days

126
Q

why does the donor questioner ask if you have traveled

A

they want to know if you have gone anywhere where malaria is prevalent

127
Q

if you are a prostitute or gay can you donate blood

A

no

128
Q

once a donor fills out the q’s what happens

A

they go into a screening room to go over q’s and do a slight physcical

129
Q

what is tested during the slight physical (4)

A

hemoglobin, blood pressure, pulse, and temp

130
Q

what does your hemoglobin have to be for women

A

12.5 or higher

131
Q

what does your hemoglobin have to be for men

A

13 or higher

132
Q

how long does it take for your blood to be taken

A

10-15 min

133
Q

how long are RBC good for

A

35-42 days

134
Q

what affects how long RBC are good for

A

anticoagulent

135
Q

how long are platelets good for

A

5-7 days

136
Q

what temp are platelets stored at

A

room temp

137
Q

why are platelets only good for a short period of time

A

activity and bacteria grows at room temp

138
Q

where does your blood go if you volunteer

A

to anyone

139
Q

where does your blood go if you are a direct donor

A

specific person

140
Q

why is it best to sometimes get volenteer blood

A

there is no conflict of interest

141
Q

where does your blood go if it is an autologous donation

A

yourself

142
Q

what diseases are screened for prior to donation (7)

A

hep b, hep c, HIV, West Nile virus, HTLV virus, and syphilis

143
Q

what must the platelet conc be

A

3.01 * 10 ^11

144
Q

Which is not included on a properly labeled specimen?

A

Patient’s home address

145
Q

How many days before a pretransfusion specimen expires?

A

3 days

146
Q

How many days must a pretransfusion specimen and donor unit segments be retained post-transfusion?

A

7 days

147
Q

If a blood type cannot be resolved, what ABO group should be selected for a red blood cell transfusion?

A

O blood

148
Q

Which antibody specificity is not required in antibody detection tests?

A

Cw

149
Q

A patient has a history of anti-Jk a . The antibody screen is negative. Which red blood cell unit should be selected, and what type of crossmatch should be performed?

A

Jk(a-) red blood cells, antiglobulin crossmatch

150
Q

Which is not true of rouleaux formation?

A

Can be seen in the antiglobulin test

151
Q

A patient’s blood type is AB-negative, but there are no AB-negative red blood cell units available. What donor units could be selected?

A

A- neg

152
Q

A patient requires 15 units of thawed plasma for an apheresis procedure. The patient’s blood type is O-negative. What donor units could be selected? (3)

A

O-negative, AB-positive, A-negative

153
Q

The American College of Surgeons recommends transfusion of red blood cells, thawed plasma, and platelets in what ratio for a massive transfusion?

A

1 unit of red blood cells to 1 unit of thawed plasma to 1 unit of platelets

154
Q

A patient’s antibody screen was positive and an anti-c was identified. Antiglobulin crossmatches were performed with c-negative units and 1 of the 6 units was incompatible. What should be performed to resolve the incompatible crossmatch?

A

Retype the incompatible unit for the c antigen, Perform a DAT on the incompatible unit, Perform additional identification testing to include low-specificity antigens

155
Q

A mother, 30 weeks’ pregnant, has anti-K with a titer of 32. An intrauterine red blood cell transfusion is indicated. The donor unit selected should be all of the following except :

A

Positive for sickling hemoglobin

156
Q

A patient with sickle cell disease is B-positive with a pos antibody screen. The antibody identified is anti-D, and the autocontrol is negative. What is a possible explanation?

A

Patient possesses the partial D phenotype

157
Q

what kind of unit needs x match testing

A

RBC

158
Q

what kind of sample is used in x match

A

pt plasma

159
Q

if there is agglutination during a X match what does this mean

A

donor blood is NOT compatible with pt blood

160
Q

if there is no agglutination during a X match what does this mean

A

donor blood is compatible with pt blood

161
Q

does HDFN occur in utero or ex-utero

A

both

162
Q

what causes HDFN

A

baby has RBC ags that are foreign to mom –> mom makes abs that attack baby RBC

163
Q

T or F: if the mom is pregnant w/ her 1st child and she is RH neg and the baby is RH pos. the baby will not be harmed

A

T

164
Q

what is the most common ab that cause HDFN

A

anti-D

165
Q

how is the baby transfused while still in the mom

A

sonar

166
Q

if titer is high what does this mean for the chance of HDFN

A

increased

167
Q

what kind of sample is used for a DAT on a fetus

A

cord blood

168
Q

why does cord blood need to washed 3x during a DAT

A

worton jelly contaminates

169
Q

what is given to an RH neg mom w RH pos baby

A

RHIG

170
Q

if more than 5 rosettes are seen during a fetal screen what does this mean

A

maternal hemarage

171
Q

how many doses of IgG should be given to an Rh neg mom with less than 5 rosettes

A

1

172
Q

what test tells you how much fetal blood is in the mothers circulation

A

kleihauer betke test

173
Q

what plasma is compatible with O blood

A

O, A, B, AB

174
Q

what plasma is compatible with A blood

A

A and AB

175
Q

what plasma is compatible with B blood

A

B and AB

176
Q

what plasma is compatible with AB blood

A

AB

177
Q

what specific antibody classes are specific to anti A and anti B

A

IgM

178
Q

Incompatibility of what blood type causes the most serious transfusion reaction

A

ABO or O blood

179
Q

what kind of sample is used for a DAT

A

pt RBC

180
Q

what kind of sample is used for a IAT

A

pt serum

181
Q

what specific type of test is used for weak D testing

A

Du test

182
Q

how is the weak D test preformed

A

after D testing wash tube 3x –> add AHG, spin, read

183
Q

rh ab are apart of what antiglobin class

A

IgG

184
Q

if someone is Rh pos what is there Weiner phenotype

A

D

185
Q

Weiner phenotype: Dce

A

R0

186
Q

Weiner phenotype: DCe

A

R1

187
Q

Weiner phenotype: DcE

A

R2

188
Q

Weiner phenotype: DCE

A

Rz

189
Q

Weiner phenotype: dce

A

r

190
Q

Weiner phenotype: dCe

A

r’

191
Q

Weiner phenotype: dcE

A

r’’

192
Q

Weiner phenotype: dCE

A

ry

193
Q

what clinical conditions would have a pos DAT

A

TRXN, lupus, anemia, HDN

194
Q

principle of antiglobin test

A

antihuman globulin (AHG) antibodies combine with RBCs coated with human immunoglobulin or complement

195
Q

which rh ab is association HDFN

A

Rh neg

196
Q

what blood group can receive FFP

A

O

CLS 306 (19 decks)

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