chpt 5 revew

Question 1

difference btwn chromosomes, chromatin, and chromatids

Answer 1

chromosomes - double helix of DNA
chromatin - loose DNA and protien
chromatids - half a chromosome

Question 2

what is the purpose of supercoiling the DNA

Answer 2

it reduces space and lets more DNA to be packaged

Question 3

what are 3 stages if interphase
whathappens in each and what do they stand for

Answer 3

g1 phase (cell growth)
s phase (DNA sythesis)
G2 (more cell growth)

Question 4

what are histoes
what is the purpos of them?

Answer 4

a group of protien found in chromitin
provides structure

Question 5

wwhat stage does the cell spend most its life?

Answer 5

interphase

Question 6

what are the stages of mitosis

Answer 6

prophase
metephase
anaphase
telephase
cytoknises

Question 7

what is cytokinses
how do plants and aimals differ

Answer 7

division of a cell at the end of mitosis
Animlas dovosion start from the center and work to the walls
plants start from the walls and work to the center

Question 8

what is the purpose of checkpoint in the cell
how many are there

Answer 8

to make sure theirs no bad cells passing through
3

Question 9

what happens in each stage of mitosis

Answer 9

prophase -
2 -
3 -
4 -
5 -

Question 10

what gets checked in each of the checkpoints in the cell

Answer 10

In the G1 it makes sure th cell
g2 evaluates the DNA
mitosis makes sure the cells devids properly

Question 11

why do organisms use mitosis

Answer 11

it makes new cells to grow to replace old cells

Question 12

what is cancer
why dont your cells stop this

Answer 12

uncontrolled cell growth

Question 13

what is the difference btwn an ocogene and a tumor supperessor gene

Answer 13

there both genes to tell a cell to divids

oncogene tell the cell to divid
tumor superessor tell the cell to stop dividing

Question 14

what is apoptosis

Answer 14

programmed cell death

Question 15

what are the two kinds of cancer
what is the differnce btwn them

Answer 15

Bengin - slow growing cancer
maligment - grows and spreads fast

Question 16

which type of cancer is worse btwn the 2 types?

Answer 16

maligment

Question 17

what is a corcinogen
what are exaplmes of carsinogens

Answer 17

anything in the environment that can make you have cancer

radiation, smoking, pollution

Question 18

what kinfd of treatment is there for cancer

Answer 18

catching it early with surgery, chemical therapy the radiation.

Question 19

why is it so important to catch canre early

Answer 19

so it doesn’t have a chance to spread through out your body

Question 20

what are the side effects to cancer treatment?
why are these ares of the body causing the side effects

Answer 20

hair loss, vomiting, weight lose, fingernail lose
they are caused for these parts of the body produce cell that rapidly divide.

Question 21

if you are diagnosed with cancer what stage is the best?

Answer 21

you want benign for sure.

Question 22

what happens in the prophase

Answer 22

Chromatin coil and become visible
- now chromosomes
Nucleus disappears
Centrioles move to poles
d) Spindle fiber begins to form (made from microtubules)

Question 23

what happens in the prophase

Answer 23

Chromatin coil and become visible
- now chromosomes
Nucleus disappears
a)Centrioles move to poles
d) Spindle fiber begins to form (made
from microtubules)

Question 24

what happenes in the metaphase

Answer 24

a) Chromosomes meet in the middle
b) Spindles attach to chromatids

Question 25

what happenes in the anaphase

Answer 25

Chromatids move apart
b) Chromatids are now chromosomes

Question 26

telephase what happenes?

Answer 26

Chromosomes reach poles
b) Nucleus reforms

Question 27

what happenes in cytokinesis

Answer 27

Dividing the cytoplasm