Bio Review Chapter 2-1

Question 1

what are the four states of matter

Answer 1

Solid
Liquid
Gas
Plasma

Question 2

what is a nucleus made of an atom made of?

where is it found?

Answer 2

neutrons and protons

in the center of the atom

Question 3

what charges do protons, neutrons, and electrons have?

Answer 3

protons - positive
electrons - negative
neutrons - no charge

Question 4

What subatomic particles determines what element you have?

Answer 4

atoms

Question 5

What subatomic particles orbits the nucleus

Answer 5

electrons

Question 6

what is ionic bonding

Answer 6

bonding of ions ( weak)

Question 7

why do elements bond

Answer 7

they bond for stability of electrons

Question 8

how many electrons do atoms want in their outer shell

Answer 8

8

Question 9

what is an ion

Answer 9

a atom or molecule that can gain or lose electrons

Question 10

what is covalent bonding

Answer 10

sharing electrons (strong)

Question 11

what kind of bonds can covalent bonds have?

what are the strongest

Answer 11

single , Double , triple

triple

Question 12

what is a compound

Answer 12

something made of 2 or more elements

Question 13

reminder (know how to read chemical forms)

Answer 13

REMEMBER!!!!

Question 14

what evidence of a chemical change?

Answer 14

Bubbles
gives off light/heat
change in color
forms a precipitate

Question 15

Are phase changes physical or chemical

Answer 15

physical change

Question 16

what is energy

Answer 16

ability to work or cause change

Question 17

what happens to energy when heat is given to it

Answer 17

more energy = more moving

Question 18

what is absolute zero?

what happens to particle movement ?

Answer 18

lowest temp possible

there is no movment

Question 19

what is he difference btwn exothermic and endothermic reactions

Answer 19

exothermic - gives off heat
endothermic - absorbs heat

Question 20

what is a catalyst

Answer 20

something that effects rate if the reaction but inst used
(heat)

Question 21

what is the difference btwn a solute and solvent

Answer 21

solute - thing being dissolved
solvent - thing doing the dissolving

Question 22

what is a concentration

Answer 22

ratio of solute in the solvent dilute

Question 23

what is diffusion

Answer 23

many partials going to less partials

Question 24

when does diffusion stop

Answer 24

when partials hit equilibrium

Question 25

what is a concentration gradient

Answer 25

the gradual change of the solute and solution

Question 26

what does it mean if something is permeable

Answer 26

when partials can pass through something

Question 27

what is osmosis

Answer 27

diffusion for water. high concentration to low concentration

Question 28

what does it mean if something is semipermeable

Answer 28

when some things can pass through

Question 29

what does it mean that water is polar

Answer 29

it has a (+) side and a ( - ) side

Question 30

what type of bonds do water molecules form btwn each other

Answer 30

( H ) bonds

Question 31

what is the difference btwn adhesion and cohesion

Answer 31

Adhesion - water likes to stick to its self
Cohesion - water like to stick to other things

Question 32

what is acid
what numbers are they in the pH scale
how do you make an acid

Answer 32

0 - 6.99
increase the concentration of pH

Question 33

what is a base
whats are its pH numbers

Answer 33

decrease concentration of H+
7.01 - 14